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Unit 2
A Young Nation
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Alexander Hamilton | First Secretary of Treasury and leader of the Federalist Party. |
| Federalist | Political party that promoted a strong federal government and a commercial economy focused on manufacturing, commerce, and trade. |
| 1800 | Election year which saw the first transfer of power from one political party to another - Thomas Jefferson (Democratic Republican) defeated President John Adams (Federalist). |
| Democratic - Republican | Political party that promoted individual and state rights and an agrarian economy based on land ownership and agriculture. |
| Louisiana Purchase | President Jefferson bought territory from France for $15 million which doubled the size of the U.S. (1803) |
| Meriwether Lewis and William Clark | Leaders of the Corps of Discovery which explored the Louisiana Territory and reached the Pacific Ocean. |
| John Adams | First Vice President and then Federalist who was elected as the 2nd President. |
| Thomas Jefferson | First Secretary of State and leader of the Democratic Republican Party who was elected as the 3rd President. |
| James Madison | Democratic - Republican President who oversaw a war against Great Britain. (1812 - 1815) |
| Impressment | British practice of seizing American sailors and forcing them to serve on ships in their navy. |
| Alien and Sedition Acts | Laws passed by Congress during Adams' Presidency that made it easier to deport non - citizens and to punish negative speech about the government and public officials. (1798) |
| Treaty of Ghent | Peace terms agreed to by the U.S. and Great Britain to end the War of 1812 and restore pre-war borders. (1814) |
| War of 1812 | Conflict between the United States and Great Britain. (1812 - 1815) |
| Sacagawea | Native American who was a translator and guide for Lewis and Clark Expedition. |
| Monroe Doctrine | Declaration by the United States that stated the American continents were closed to any future European colonization. (1824) |
| James Monroe | Democratic - Republican President during the Era of Good Feelings - A period of political unity, economic growth, and nationalism in the United States after the War of 1812. |
| Quasi War | Undeclared conflict on the seas between ships of the United States and France during the Adams Presidency. (1798 - 1800) |
| Tecumseh | Shawnee Chief who formed a Confederacy of Great Lakes Native American tribes and aligned with Great Britain to try to halt U.S. expansion to the West. |
| Andrew Jackson | U.S. General, leader of the Democratic Party, and President who governed as a self proclaimed direct representative of the common man. |
| Convention of 1800 | Agreement between the United States and France that terminated the 1778 Treaty of Alliance. |
| Adams - Onis Treaty | Agreement where Spain ceded Florida to the United States. (1819) |
| New Orleans | Battle where U.S. General Andrew Jackson defeated British troops in the final battle of the War of 1812. (1815) |
| Virginia and Kentucky Resolutions | Arguments drafted by James Madison and Thomas Jefferson to argue the Alien and Sedition Acts were unconstitutional and that the States should nullify them. (1798) |
| Washington D.C. | Burned by British troops during the War of 1812. |
| Great Britain | Nation that supplied Tecumseh and his Native American Confederacy with muskets and ammunition. |
| John Marshall | Federalist Chief Justice appointed by President Adams who strengthened the power of the Supreme Court by establishing the power of Judicial Review. |
| Judicial Review | Power of the Supreme Court to review and strike down unconstitutional laws established in Marbury v. Madison. (1801) |
| Oregon | Disputed territory claimed by the U.S. as a result of the Lewis and Clark Expedition. |
| War Hawks | Democratic - Republicans who supported declaring war on Great Britain in 1812. |
| Fort McHenry | U.S. garrison in Baltimore that withstood a British attack during the War of 1812. (1814) |
| American System | Economic program proposed after the War of 1812 by Henry Clay to approve a new National Bank, enact protective tariffs, and fund new roads and canals. |
| Missouri Compromise | Established Missouri as a Slave State, Maine as a Free State, and Latitude 36 / 30' as a line to determine Free and Slave territory in the West. (1820) |
| Federalists | Group that opposed going to war against Great Britain in 1812. |
| George Washington | First President of the United States who chose to voluntarily step down after 2 terms. |
| National Bank | Established by Alexander Hamilton to better manage the nation's money and credit during Washington's Presidency. |
| Whiskey Rebellion | President Washington led U.S. troops to put down an uprising of farmers in Pennsylvania against federal taxes. (1794) |
| Jay's Treaty | Controversial agreement during Washington's Presidency that made the U.S. a most favored trade nation with Great Britain. (1794) |
| Neutrality | U.S. foreign policy announced by President Washington when war broke out between Great Britain and Revolutionary France. (1793) |
| Debts | Alexander Hamilton proposed the Federal Government would assume and pay off State _____________ using excise taxes, tariffs, and land sales. |
| Tippecanoe | Battle where U.S. troops led by General William H. Harrison defeated Tecumseh's Confederacy. (1811) |
| John Quincy Adams | Selected by Congress to be President after no candidate won a majority of votes in the Electoral College in the Election of 1824. |
| South Carolina | State that tried to nullify a federal tariff law while Andrew Jackson was President. |
| Indian Removal Act | Forced the relocation of Native Americans living in the South onto Indian Territory West of of the Mississippi River. (1830) |
| Tariff | A tax on imported goods. |
| Democratic | Party of the "common man" that was formed by supporters of Andrew Jackson. |
| Trail of Tears | U.S. soldiers led the Cherokee tribe on a forced march from their ancestral lands to Indian Territory. (1838) |
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