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The Nature of Qualit
Term | Definition |
---|---|
Paradigm | models or framework for observation and understanding which shape both what we see and how we understand it |
Epistemology | theory of knowledge; views on how the social world should be studied |
study population of qualitative data | small number of participants; selected purposively, referred to as participants or interviewees |
study population of quantitative data | large sample size of representative cases, referred to as respondents or subjects |
data collection methods of qualitative research | in-depth interviews, observations, or group discussions |
data collection methods of quantitative research | population surveys, opinion polls, or exit interviews |
analysis of qualitative research | is interpretive |
analysis of quantitative research | is statistical |
outcomes of qualitative research | to develop an in initial understanding or to identify and explain behaviors, beliefs, or actions |
When to use qualitative research | - to understand complex issues -to explain people's beliefs and behaviors -to identify the social and cultural norms of a group or society |
Ontology | what we think reality looks like and how we view the world |
Methodology | how we gain knowledge about the world and how we collect research data |
Positivism | the social world should be studied in the same way as the natural world, using the same methodology as the natural sciences |
interpretivism | the social world should be studied in a fundamentally different way than the natural sciences |
Objective of qualitative research | to gain a contextualized understanding of behaviors, beliefs, and motivation |
objective of quantitative research | to quantify data and extrapolate results to a broader population |
Purpose of qualitative research | to understand why? how? what is the process? what are the influences or context? |
purpose of quantitative research | to measure, count, or quantify a problem; to answer how much? how often? what proportion? which variables are correlated? |
data of qualitative research | data are words |
data of quantitative research | data are numbers |
outcomes of quantitative research | to identify prevalence, averages and patterns in data, or to generalize to a broader population |
emic perspective | provides information on the insider's perceptions, beliefs and meaning system; reflects the cultural meaning that people attach to certain facts, events, or experiences |
etic perspective | the outsider's point of view, their opinions and beliefs |