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Nationalism, Denny
Nationalism, Sectionalism, Manifest Destiny
| Statement | Answer |
|---|---|
| Nationalism occurred after the War of 1812. What were the people like in Nationalism? | The people were proud to be Americans and gave their loyalty to the nation rather than the state. They wanted to increase the powers of the central government and they considered problems from a national view. |
| Why was the West more nationalistic? | The national government supported roads and canals that helped people move west. |
| During what years did the "Era of Good Feelings" occur and who was the President during this time? | 1817-1823, James Monroe |
| How did the "Era of Good Feelings" occur? | It occurred when President Monroe took a goodwill tour in New England, which was warmly accepted. |
| The "Era of Good Feelings" caused? | An absence of political strife, end of the Federalist Party and the Democratic-Republican party adopted many Federalists ideas. |
| What Federalist ideas did the Democratic-Republican party adopt? | Second National Bank(1816-1836), Protective Tariff of 1816, Internal improvements at federal expense. |
| What did the Protective Tariff of 1816 do? | It protected U.S. industries from cheap British imports that flooded the market after the War of 1812. |
| What internal improvements were at federal expense? | Construction to build national roads that connected states together in order to improve trade/transportation needs. (Help bind the nation together; ex: Cumberland Road, National Road, Erie Canal) |
| What was the main point of the Monroe Doctrine and what year was it in? | The main point was to have Europe stay out of Latin American affairs and the U.S. would not involve itself in European affairs or existing European colonies. |
| When _______ invaded Spain and Portugal in _____, they didn't have the military resources to maintain their Latin American colonies. | Napoleon, 1807 |
| _______ ________ colonies revolted, kicking the Spanish and Portugal out. | Latin American |
| After Napoleon was finally defeated in _____, Spain and Portugal wanted their colonies back. | 1815 |
| President _______ and U.S. wanted weak Latin American nations as weak _____ ______ without European monarchs ruling over them. | Monroe, trade partners |
| Who was the 6th President of the U.S. and what were two traits/attributes of his? | John Q. Adams. He had a high-pitched voice and could speak 7 foreign languages. |
| Who were the four candidates of the election of 1824 and what regions were they from? | Adams from the North, Jackson from the West, Crawford from the South, and Clay from the West. |
| Between Adams and Jackson (the top vote getters), who was favored to win? | Jackson |
| ______ was Speaker of the House and threw his support to ______. | Clay, Adams |
| ______ won the election of 1824 and appointed Clay as ______ of _______ | Adams, Secretary of State |
| Clay served how many presidencies until he died at 80 years old? | 11 |
| The North was becoming more _____ and the South was continuing their ______ ______. | industrial, plantation system |
| The people began to be more _____ to a section of the U.S. or an individual state. | loyal |
| In sectionalism, the people considered problems from a sectional view and believed in ______ ______. | States rights |
| _________ was one of the problems that led to the Civil War. | Sectionalism |
| What was Andrew Jackson's nickname? | Old Hickory |
| What Jackson portray Adams as? | An intellectual elitist |
| How did Jackson portray himself? | As a man of humble origins, even though he was wealthy. |
| What did Adams say about Jackson? | He said Jackson had married Rachel Robards while she was still married to the man she divorced after her and Jackson were married. |
| What is the act of slandering the other candidate in a political campaign? | Mudslinging |
| Jackson won the election of 1828 with ______ to ______ votes over Adams. | 178 to 83 |
| Jackson was the first _____ ____ to become President and the first President from the ______ (Tennessee) | Common man, West |
| What is a spoils system? | Filling federal offices with his (the President's) own party, members, and friends. "To the victor belong the spoils of the enemy. |
| What was another name given to the election of 1828? | "Revolution of 1828," People/Democracy vs. Privileged |
| What were the three problems Jackson faced while in office? | Indian Removal Act(1830), Second Bank of the United States, and Nullification |
| What did the Indian Removal Act state? | The federal government provided money ($500,000) to negotiate treaties that would force the Native Americans to move west. 90 treaties were signed so Native Americans could maintain their way of life. |
| Name 3-5 states from which Indians were removed? | Illinois, Missouri, Alabama, Georgia, Mississippi, etc. |
| In ______, the Cherokee were removed from their lands in _____ and sent west to Indian Territory. | 1838, Georgia |
| In what modern day state did the Indian Territory exist? | Oklahoma |
| The Indians traveled upon the so-called _____ __ ______. The buried 1/4 of their people along this 800 mile trip. | Trail of Tears |
| The Indians ended up on land that was ______ to that which they had been forced to leave. | Inferior |
| The Second Bank of the United States had a ____ year charter from ______ to _______. | 20 year charter, 1816 to 1836 |
| Who was the President of the Second Bank of the United States? | Nicholas Biddle |
| What services were offered as a part of the Second Bank of the United States? | An official depository for government funds and sold government bonds. Held private deposits of money and provided loans for businesses. Prevented state banks from over-issuing bank notes. Issued its own bank notes(nationwide currency) |
| The _______'s manufacturers and businesses approved the Second U.S. Bank. | North's |
| The _____ and _____'s state banks, small businessmen, farmers, planters, and debtors opposed the Second U.S. bank. | West and South |
| For what reasons did the West and South oppose the Second U.S. Bank? | It prevented state banks from issuing large amounts of bank notes. 2nd U.S. Bank refused loans to farmers/small businessmen. Enriched wealthy Norther/foreign businessmen. Helped finance political campaigns. Not specified in the Constitution=illegal. |
| Jackson _______ the bill that Biddle proposed for the Second U.S. Bank. | Vetoed |
| What quote did Jackson say in reference to the proposed charter? | "They are trying to kill me, but I'm going to kill the Bank." |
| Jackson, versus Clay, won the election of 1832 with ______ votes to ______ votes. | 219 to 49 |
| Jackson interpreted his re-election as a mandate from the people to ______ the bank. | Destroy |
| He ordered government funds to be withdrawn and placed in state banks, also called _____ _____. | Pet Banks |
| ______ ______(wildcat banks) made unwise loans based on speculations and without adequate _______. | Western Banks, collateral |
| The Western Banks printed too much _____ ____ which led to high prices and devalued money. | Paper money |
| In _____, Jackson issued his _____ ____ through which he instructed federal land agents to accept payment only in gold or silver. | 1836, Specie Circular |
| After Jackson's presidency, the U.S. experienced a financial crisis known as the _____ of ______ and the ensuing economic depression. | Panic of 1837 |
| The destruction of the Second U.S. Bank was a _______ victory for the West and South over the ______. | Sectional, North |
| The Sectional Victory was a victory of _______, common people over wealthy business men. | Democracy |
| The U.S. had no ________ banking system until 1913 when Congress established the _______ ______ ______. | Centralized, Federal Reserve System |
| _______ ___ _____ was blamed for the Panic of 1837 after he was elected President in 1836. | Martin van Buren |
| Why was Jackson not blamed for the Panic of 1837? | He was popular with the common people and he was a war hero. |
| After the War of 1812, ______ flooded the U.S. market with cheap goods. | Britain |
| In response to the flooding of the U.S. market with cheap goods, Congress passed what tariff to protect American businesses? | The Tariff of 1816 |
| Did all sections of the United States support the Tariff of 1816? | Yes |
| The Tariff of _____ increased the price of imports and the South protested. | 1824 |
| The Tariff of ____ provided extremely high rates on imports of raw materials and manufactured goods. | 1828 |
| John C. Calhoun of South Carolina called the Tariff of 1828 the ______ of ______. | Tariff of Abominations |
| Who was the main spokesperson of the North? | Daniel Webster, Massachusetts |
| Who was the main spokesperson of the South? | John C. Calhoun, South Carolina |
| Who acted as a mediator/referee between the North and South? (Think high in power!) | Andrew Jackson, President of the U.S. |
| What document did Calhoun secretly write? | The South Carolina Exposition and Protest |
| Calhoun's document stated that the federal government was created by a compact among the _____ to serve as their agent. | States |
| Calhoun's document stated that state _______ have the power to declare laws of Congress ________. | Conventions, unconsitutional |
| Laws declared unconstitutional are _____ and _____. | Null and void |
| A state could ______ its compact with other states and ______ from the Union. | Terminate, secede |
| In what year did the Webster-Hayne Debate occur? | 1830 |
| The Constitution and the federal government were created by the _____ not by the ______. | People, states |
| The ______ _____ determines the constitutionality of the laws, not the states. | Supreme Court |
| No state has the right to ____ a federal law or ____ secede from the Union or else the Union would be an absurdity, aka a _____ __ ____. | Nullify, secede, rope of sand |
| "Liberty and Union, now and forever, one and inseparable" was said by? | Daniel Webster |
| What quote did John C. Calhoun say? | "The Union, next to our liberty, most dear." |
| Who said, "Our Federal Union: it must be preserved"? | Andrew Jackson |
| _____ ______ was disappointed with the 1832 Tariff that provided modest relief from the Tariff of Abominations. | South Carolina |
| In response to the 1832 Tariff, South Carolina passed an ______ of _______ | Ordinance of Nullification |
| What did the Ordinance of Nullification do? | It voided the new tariff and threatened secession if the Federal government attempted to collect tariff duties from South Carolina. |
| Jackson _____ the challenged offered from South Carolina, warning that nullification is...? (quote given on the notes) | Accepted, "Incompatible with the existence of the Union." |
| Congress passed a _____ ___, which empowered him to enforce the nation's tariff law in South Carolina by utilizing the Army and Navy if necessary. | Force Bill |
| South Carolina received ______ _____ from any southern state because neither state wanted an ______ _____. | No support, armed clash |
| Henry Clay introduced a _____ _____, which would reduce rates over 10 years. | Compromise Tariff |
| What was Henry Clay known as? | The Great Compromiser |
| Congress passed both the _____ ____ and the Compromise Tariff. | Force Bill |
| South Carolina _____ its Ordinance of Nullification but ______ the Force Bill. | Withdrew, nullified |
| Congress did nothing to resolve the issue of ______'s rights and nullification. | State's |
| With what state did Missouri join the Union with in the Missouri Compromise(1819-1820)? | Maine |
| What was Manifest Destiny? | The thought that there was always land to the West. |
| Between what two oceans did Americans believe the United States needed to stretch between in the 1840's? | Atlantic Ocean to the Pacific Ocean |
| What were the three acquisitions of western land? | Original 13 colonies on the Atlantic Coast, Louisiana Purchase, and Florida (Adams-Onis Treaty 1819) |
| In what year were Americans invited to settle in a province of Mexico called Texas? | 1821 |
| What two laws did Americans have to abide by in Texas? | They had to become Catholic and obey Mexican laws |
| Who led the first group of 300 people to Texas? | Austin |
| How many more people and slaves arrived in Texas in 1830? | 20,000 people and 1000 slaves |
| _____ ____ became the dictator and began to enforce the laws. | Santa Anna |
| The Texans ____ and declared independence | Rebelled |
| On what day and year did the Battle at the Alamo occur and were all the Texans killed? | March 6,1836; They were all killed |
| ______ ______ defeated the Mexicans at San Jacinto on what date? | Sam Houston, April 21, 1836 |
| Texas asked to be _______ by the U.S. but they did not for ten years. | Annexed |
| For what two reasons did Texas not become annexed? | Fear of war with Mexico, and the Senate was balanced at this time(if Texas became a state, slave states would have more senators) |
| During what years did the Mexican War occur? | 1846-1848 |
| What three things caused the Mexican War? | Annexation of Texas, boundary dispute between the Nueces River and the Rio Grande, some Americans wanted more Mexican land. |
| Who was President when the Mexican War was declared? | James K. Polk |
| What General won victories in Mexico? | Zachary Taylor |
| Which General captured Vera Cruz and Mexico City? | Winfield Scott |
| In what year did the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo occur? | 1848 |
| What were the three provisions of the Treaty of Guadalupe? | Rio Grande was the boundary for Texas, U.S. got California and Mexican Cession, U.S. would pay $15 million for Mexico. |
| What occurred through the Gadsden Purchase? | U.S. paid Mexico $10 million for a small strip in southern Arizona and new Mexico. This was an easier route for the railroad. |
| The Alamo had how many Texans against how many Mexicans? | 187 Texans to 4000 Mexicans |
| Who were in charge of both sides in the Battle of the Alamo? | Col. William Travis for Texans, General Santa Anna for Mexico. |
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