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Topic 9 Vocab
Reconstruction
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| 13th Amendment | Constitutional amendment that banned slavery in the United States |
| 14th Amendment | Constitutional amendment that granted citizenship to all persons born in the United States |
| 15th Amendment | Constitutional amendment that gave African Americans the right to vote in all states |
| Jim Crow Laws | Laws that separated people of different races in public places in the South |
| Carpetbagger | A nickname for a Northerner who went south during Reconstruction in the hope of getting rich |
| Ku Klux Klan | secret society organized in the South after the Civil War to reassert white supremacy by means of violence |
| Grandfather clause | Excused a voter from a poll tax or literacy test if his father or grandfather had voted before 1867 |
| Impeach | To formally charge a public official with misconduct in office |
| Johnson's Plan | Granted amnesty to most Southerners, appointed governors to Southern states, states had to denounce secession, abolish slavery, and ratify the 13th Amendment; this plan also opposed giving African Americans equal rights |
| Lincoln's Plan | In each state, 10% of the voters must swear loyalty, then form a new government and adopt a constitution that bans slavery; this plan also offered amnesty to all white Southerners and gave educated African Americans the right to vote |
| Literacy test | an examination to see if a person can read and write; used in the past to restrict voting rights |
| Black Codes | Laws passed by Southern states to control freed men and women |
| Plessy v. Ferguson | Ruling by the Supreme Court that segregation was legal as long as facilities for African Americans and whites were equal |
| Poll tax | Fee paid by a voter in order to vote |
| Freedmen's Bureau | Helped African American adjust to freedom; provided food, clothing and medical services. Also helped freedmen acquire land and find work. |
| Reconstruction | Period after the Civil War when the South was rebuilt; also, the federal program to rebuild it |
| Radical Reconstruction | Divided the South into 5 military districts, guaranteed all African American men the right to vote, prevented former Confederate leaders from holding office |
| Scalawag | A nickname for a white southerner who supported Radical Republicans |
| Segregation | The separation of the races to keep them apart; in such situations as housing, schools, restrooms, drinking fountains, etc. |
| Sharecropper | A farmer that worked on land owned by another person; many freed slaves in the South became sharecroppers after the Civil War |
| amnesty | a government pardon |
| Radical Republicans | Members of Congress during Reconstruction who wanted to break the power of wealthy southern plantation owners and ensure that freedmen received the right to vote. |
| Reconstruction Act | an 1867 law that threw out the southern state governments that had refused to ratify the Fourteenth Amendment |
| Compromise of 1877 | An agreement by Republican presidential candidate Rutherford B. Hayes to end Reconstruction in return for congressional Democrats accepting his inauguration as President after the disputed election of 1876 |
| "New South" | A term used to describe the South in the late 1800s when efforts were being made to expand the economy by building up industry |
Created by:
oswego98
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