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Chap. 1 Geo Reading
Chapter 1 orange book - Geography reading
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Abiotic | composed of nonliving or inorganic matter |
| biotic | Composed of living organisms |
| concentration | the spread of something over a given area |
| connection | relationships among people & objects across the barrier of space |
| conservation | the sustainable management of a natural resource |
| contagious diffusion | the rapid, widespread diffusion of a feature or trend throughout a population |
| cultural ecology | a geographic approach that emphasizes human-environment relationships |
| cultural landscape | the fashioning of a natural landscape cultural group |
| culture | the body of customary beliefs, social norms, & material traits that together constitute a group's distinct tradition |
| density | the frequency with which something exists within a given unit of area |
| diffusion | the process of spread of a feature or trend from one place to another over time |
| distance decay | the diminishing in importance & eventual disappearance of a phenomenon with increasing distance from its origin. |
| distribution | the arrangement of something across Earth's surface |
| environmental determinism | the idea that the physical environment causes human activities |
| expansion diffusion | the spread of a feature or trend among people from one area to another in an additive process |
| formal region | an area in which everyone shares in common on or more distinctive characteristics |
| functional region | an area organized around a node or focal point |
| geographic information science (GIScience) | the development & analysis of data about earth acquired through satellite & other electronic information technologies |
| geographic information system (GIS) | a computer system that stores, organizes, analyzes, & displays geographic data |
| global positioning system (GPS) | a system that determines the precise position of something on earth through a series of satellites, tracking stations, and receivers. |
| globalization | actions or processes that involve the entire world & result in making something worldwide in scope. |
| Greenwich mean time (GMT) | the time in the zone encompassing the prime meridian, or 0 degrees |
| hearth | the region from which innovative ideas originate |
| hierarchical diffusion | the spread of a feature or trend from one key person or node of authority or power to other persons or places |
| housing bubble | a rapid increase in the value of houses followed by a sharp decline in their value |
| international date line | an arc that for the most part follows 180 degrees longitude, although it deviates in several places to avoid dividing land areas; when crossed heading east, the clock moves back 24 hours, when crossed heading west, it goes ahead 1 day |
| latitude | the numbering system used to indicate the location of parallels drawn on a globe & measuring distance north & south of the equator |
| lithosphere | earth's crust & a portion of upper mantle directly below the crust |
| location | the position of anything on earth's surface |
| longitude | the numbering system used to indicate the location of meridians drawn on a globe & measuring distance east to west of the prime meridian |
| map scale | the relationship between the size of an object on a map & the size of the actual feature on earth's surface |
| meridian | an arc drawn on a map between the north & south poles |
| network | a chain of communication that connects places |
| nonrenewable resource | something produced in nature more slowly than it's consumed by humans |
| parallel | a circle drawn around the globe parallel to the equator & at right angles to the meridians |
| pattern | the geometric arrangement of something in a study area |
| place | a specific point on earth distinguished by a particular characteristic |
| polder | land created by the Dutch by draining water from an area |
| possibilism | the theory that the physical environment may set limits on human actions, but people have the ability to adapt to the environment & choose a course of action from many alternatives |
| preservation | the maintenance of resources in their present condition, with as little human impact as possible |
| prime meridian | the meridian, designated as 0 degrees longitude, that passes through the Royal observatory at Greenwich, England |
| projection | a system used to transfer locations from earth's surface to a flat map |
| region | an area distinguished by a unique combination of trends or features |
| regional studies (cultural landscape) | an approach to geography that emphasizes the relationships among social & physical phenomena in a particular study area |
| relocation diffusion | the spread of a feature or trend through bodily movement of people from one place to another |
| remote sensing | the acquisition of data about earth's surface from a satellite orbiting the planet or from other long-distance methods |
| renewable resource | something produced in nature more rapidly than it is consumed by humans |
| resource | a substance in the environment that's useful to people, economically & technologically feasible to access, & is socially acceptable to use |
| scale | the relationship between the portion of earth being studied & earth as a whole |
| site | the physical character of a place |
| situation | the location of a place relative to another place |
| space | the physical gap or interval between 2 objects |
| space-time compression | the reduction in the time it takes to diffuse something to a distant place as a result of improved technology (communication & transportation) |
| stimulus diffusion | the spread of an underlying principle even though a specific character is rejected |
| sustainability | the use of earth's renewable & nonrenewable resources in ways that do not constrain resource use in the future |
| toponym | the name given to a portion of earth's surface |
| transnational corporation | a company that conducts research, operates factories, & sells products in many countries, not just where the headquarters/shareholders are located |
| uneven development | the increasing gap in economic conditions between core & peripheral regions as a result of the globalization of the economy |
| vernacular region (perceptual region) | an area that people believe exists as part of their cultural identity |
Created by:
jeanay26
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