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Reconstruction
Test over Reconstruction 9/9
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Scallywag | southerners who became Republicans |
| Carpetbagger | northerner Republicans who moved to the south |
| Radical Republicans | northern members of Congress, led by Charles Sumner and Thaddeus Stevens, who opposed Lincoln's Ten Percent Plan and Johnson's plan |
| Amnesty | an official pardon for people who have been convicted of political offenses. |
| Freedman's Bureau | created by Congress and establish March 1865. It gave food, clothing, and other kinds of help to the freedman |
| Military Reconstruction Act | These acts divided the south into five military districts. Each district was placed under military leadership |
| Black Codes | limited the rights of African Americans |
| Tenue of Office Act | intended to restrict the power of the president to remove certain office-holders without the approval of the U.S. Senate |
| Civil Rights Act of 1866 | Declared all persons born in the United States to be citizens, "without distinction of race or color, or previous condition of slavery |
| Rutherford B. Hayes | oversaw the end of Reconstruction, began the efforts that led to civil service reform |
| Thaddeus Stevens | Helped draft the 14th Amendment |
| Andrew Johnson | reconstruct the former Confederate States |
| Edwin M. Stanton | clashed with Johnson over his lenient treatment of the former Confederate states |
| Ulysses S. Grant | As an American hero, Grant was later elected the 18th President of the United States (1869–1877) |
| Abraham Lincoln | Lincoln's ten-percent plan. When 10% of voters pledged allegiance to the U.S. - state could be readmitted to U.S. and create a new government. Was assassinated by John Wilkes Booth in 1865 |
| Charles Sumner | He fought to minimize the power of the ex-Confederates and guarantee equal rights to the freedmen |
| Wade-Davis Bill | A bill proposed for the reconstruction of the South written by two Radical Republicans |
| Sharecroppers | many African-Americans rented land from plantation owners in return for a share or percentage of the total crop produce |
| General of the Army Act | Gave General Ulysses S. Grant over the entire military. Not while he was president |
| Reconstruction (time period) | December 8, 1863 – March 31, 1877 |
| What major problems did the nation face following the Civil War? | a new system of labor to replace the shattered world of slavery |
| 1. What did the Radical Republican Congress’ Reconstruction plan call for? | a citizen's right to vote would not be denied “on account of race, color, or previous condition of servitude.” |
| What did Lincoln’s Reconstruction plan call for? | Lincoln's ten-percent plan. When 10% of voters pledged allegiance to the U.S. - state could be readmitted to U.S. and create a new government |
| What did Johnson’s Reconstruction plan call for? | Confederate states would be required to uphold the 13th Amendment, which abolished slavery; swear loyalty to the Union; and pay off their war debt |
| What were the reasons for Johnson’s impeachment? What was he charged with? | Violated Tenure of Office Act. Attempt to remove Secretary of War Edwin Stanton from office without the Senate's approval |
| What was the KKK and what was their original goal? How and when did the organization start? | violent terrorist organization devoted to white supremacy |
| What scandals took place during the Grant Presidency? | (Whiskey Ring, Transcontinental RR) |
| Describe the Compromise of 1877? | informal agreement between southern Democrats and allies of the Republican Rutherford Hayes to settle the result of the 1876 presidential election |
| What were the major successes and failures of Reconstruction? | Success- laws against racial discrimination in public transport Failures- failure to stop violence and protect the political gains of Reconstruction |
| What types of things did the South do to try and take advantage of former slaves during reconstruction? | created the Freedmen's Bureau to offer former slaves food, clothing, and advice on labor contract |
| 13th Amendment | grant citizenship to “All persons born or naturalized in the United States,” thereby granting citizenship to formerly enslaved people |
| 14th Amendment | all people born in the U.S. are citizen. No state may take away rights of citizen |
| 15th Amendment | the right to vote cannot be denied to citizens because of their race or color or because they once enslaved |
| military district that each state is a part of | Virginia North and South Carolina Alabama, Georgia, and Florida Arkansas and Mississippi Texas and Louisiana |
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