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CL M5 Review

Civic Literacy Module 5 Review

TermDefinition
Criminal Law A system of law that punishes people who commit a crime.
Crime An act that is illegal and punishable by law.
Civil Law A system of law that helps to settle disputes between private citizens and/or businesses.
Juvenile Law A system of law that addresses crimes committed by someone under the age of 18.
Felony A serious crime that results in the offender serving one or more years in prison.
Misdemeanor A less serious crime that often results in the guilty paying a fine, completing community service, and/or spending time in a local jail.
4th Amendment Protects people against unreasonable search and seizure of a person or their property.
5th Amendment States that a person cannot be tried for the same crime twice. It also requires that the accused receive a fair trial and that serious crimes must have a jury.
6th Amendment Any person accused of a crime has the right to an attorney. The accused must be told what crime they are being charged with. The accused also has a right to a speedy trial and a trial that has a jury that is impartial (doesn’t take sides).
8th Amendment Protects the accused from cruel and unusual punishment and from extremely high bail.
North Carolina Supreme Court The highest court in the state that only hears appeals.
North Carolina Court of Appeals A court where elected judges review cases that are appealed.
District Court Trial court over a set area of land.
Federal Law The body of law for the country.
State Law The body of law for the state.
Supreme Court The highest court in the country that only reviews cases that are appealed.
Chief Justice The highest ranking official of the Judicial branch and head of the Supreme Court.
Justice Serves in either the state or federal supreme court and helps interpret the laws of the Constitution.
Appeal To ask a higher court to reverse the decision of a trial court after final judgment.
Bench Trial A trial where there is no jury and the judge determines the outcome of the case.
Trial by Jury A trial where the jury determines the outcome of the case.
Defendant The person on trial who is being accused of a crime.
Prosecution The legal representation of the government who presents the case to the jury or judge.
Defense Attorney The legal representative of the defendant.
Adversary Procedure The hearing before a judge where both sides submit evidence to prove their case.
Cross Examination The opportunity each lawyer has to question any witness who testifies for the other party.
Gun Control Act of 1968 A law that restricted the sale of firearms.
New Jersey v TLO A Supreme Court Case which allows school administrators to search students with probable cause.
Bethel School District No. 403 v. Fraser A Supreme Court Case which limited the freedom of speech in schools if it is deemed not appropriate.
Tinker v Des Moines Allows students to express their freedom of speech as long as it is not disrupting the learning environment.
Landmark Case A supreme court case which becomes the basis of future court cases.
Created by: dmcsorley13
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