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Civics Unit Two
mrs. Marks
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What are 6 reasons the Constitution was written? | establish justice, insure domestic tranquility, provide for the common defense, promote the general welfare, and secure the blessings of Liberty |
| What are the qualifications/terms of the House of Representatives? | must be at least 25, 7 year citizen, 2 year term |
| What are the qualifications/terms of the Senate? | 2 Senators in each state, must be at least 30, 9 year citizen, 6 year term |
| What are the qualifications/terms of the President? | must be at least 35, 14 year U.S. citizen, 4 year term (up to two terms) |
| What are the qualifications/terms of the Supreme Court? | any age, must have association with the law, they are in for life |
| What is strict interpretation of the Constitution? | what the Constitution says, the original intent of the Framers, precedent: previous decisions in similar cases |
| What is loose interpretation of the Constitution? | what the Constitution says and ongoing changes in conditions and values |
| What are the steps in impeachment and trial? | House of Rep. has power to impeach, Senate has power to try impeachments (while they're under Oath or Affirmation) |
| When the president is tried, | chief justice shall preside |
| No person shall be convicted w/o | concurrence of 2/3 of members present |
| Judgement in cases of impeachment shall not: | extend further than to removal from office |
| according to the law, the party convicted shall nevertheless: | be liable and subject to indictment, trial, judgement, and punishment |
| what is the most likely way for an amendment to be added to the Constitution? | 3/4 of state must ratify it after it passes both houses with a 2/3 vote in each house |
| term | two year period of time which Congress meets |
| session | period of time which, each year, Congress assembles and conducts business |
| adjourn | suspend, as in a session of congress |
| special session | extraordinary session of a legislative body, called to deal with an emergency situation |
| apportion | distribute, as in seats of a legislative body |
| reapportion | redistribute, as in seats of a legislative body |
| off year election | congressional election that occurs between presidential election years |
| gerrymander | drawing of electoral district lines to the advantage of a party |
| continuous body | governing unit whose seats are never all up for election at the same time |
| constituency | the people and interests that an elected official presents |
| partisan | lawmaker who owes his allegiance to his political party and votes according to the party line |
| politico | lawmaker who attempts to balance the basic elements of the trustee, delegate and partisan roles |
| trustee | lawmaker who votes bases on his conscience and judgement, not the views of his constituents. |
| oversight function | review by legislative committees of the policies and programs of the executive branch` |
| franking | benefit allowing members of congress to mail letters postage free |
| expressed powers | those delegated powers of the national government that are spelled out in the constitution, also called enumerated powers |
| inherent powers | powers the constitution is presumed to have delegated to the national government because it is the government of a sovereign state within the world community |
| implied powers | delegated powers of tbe national government that are suggested by the expressed powers, those necessary and proper to carry out the expressed powers |
| necessary and proper clause | constitutional clause that gives congress the power to make all laws necessary and proper for executing its powers |
| elastic clause | a statement in the U.S. Constitution (Article I, Section 8) granting Congress the power to pass all laws necessary and proper for carrying out the enumerated list of powers. |
| tax | charge levied by government on persons or property to meet public needs |
| legal tender | any kind of money that a creditor must accept in payment for debts |
| bankrupty | legal proceeding by which a bankrupt persons assets are distributed among those to whom he or she owes debts |
| copyright | legal right of a person to reproduce, publish and sekk his own literary, medical or artistic creations |
| naturalization | legal process by which citizens of one country become citizens of another |
| patent | license issued to inventor granting right to sell his invention for a limited period of time |
| impeach | to bring formal charges against a public official, House of Rep has power to impeach civil officers of US |
| speaker of the house | presiding officer of the House, chosen by the majority in the house |
| president of the senate (vp) | presiding officer of the senate, it is the vice pres in the US senate, in the states legislature it is the lieutenant governor or senator |
| president pro tempore | member of US senate or of the upper house of a states legislature, chosen to preside in absence of the president of the senate |
| caucus | a nominating device, a group of like minded people who meet to select the candidates they will support in the upcoming election |
| whip | assistants to the floor leaders in the house and senate, responsible for monitoring and marshalling votes |
| committee chairman | member who heads a standing committee in a legislative body |
| seniority rule | unwritten rule in both houses of congress reserving the top posts for members with the longest record of service |
| joint committee | legislative committee composed of members of both houses |
| conference committee | temporary joint committee created to reconcile any differences between the two houses version of a bill |
| bill rider | unpopular provision added to an important bill certain to pass so that it will "ride" through the legislative process |
| subcommittee | division of existing committee that is formed to address specific issues |
| quorum | least number of members who must be present for a legislative body to conduct business |
| engrossed | print a bill in its final form |
| filibuster | various tactics aimed at defeating a bill in a legislative body by preventing a final vote |
| cloture | procedure that may be used to limit or end floor debate in a legislative body |
| veto | chief executives power to reject a bill a bill passed by a legislature, literally means in latin i forbid |
| pocket veto | type of veto a chief executive may use after a legislative has adjourned, when the chief executive does not sign or reject a bill within time allowed to do so |
| treason | betrayal of ones country, by levying war against the US or offering comfort or aid to its enemies |
| breach of the peace | Law an offence against public order causing an unnecessary disturbance of the peace |
| counterfeiting | made in imitation so as to be passed off fraudulently or deceptively as genuine; not genuine; forge |
| piracy | the unauthorized reproduction or use of a copyrighted book, recording, television program, patented invention, trademarked product |
| insurrection | an act or instance of rising in revolt, rebellion, or resistance against civil authority or an established government. |
| bribery | the act or practice of giving or accepting a bribe |
| bill of attainder | a legislative act that inflicts punishment without a court trial |
| ex post facto | a law applied to an act committed before its passage |
| writ of habeas corpus | a court order which prevents unjust arrests and imprisonments |
| letters of marque | written authority granted to a private person by a government to seize the subjects of a foreign state or their goods; specifically : a license granted to a private person to fit out an armed ship to plunder the enemy |
| militia | the whole body of able-bodied male citizens declared by law as being subject to call to military service |
| duty | A tax charged by a government, especially on imports. |
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