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APUSH Period 2 Vocab
APUSH Period 2 Vocab- Mrs. Bush MND
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Chattel slavery | the ownership of human beings as property |
| Columbian Exchange | the vast intercontinental movement of plants, animals, and diseases |
| Mercantilism | a system of state-assisted trade and manufacturing |
| Royal Colony | a colony controlled by England; local governmental organizations, like the House of Burgesses, were put to an end |
| Headright System | a system that guaranteed 50 acres of land to any male that moved to Virginia |
| Pilgrims | religious separative; the left the Church of England and fled from England- some to Holland and some to the colonies in America |
| Joint-Stock Corporation | a way to spread out the resources of many investors, spreading the financial risk widely |
| Lord Baltimore | a Catholic aristocrat who created Maryland as a safe place for Catholics being persecuted in England |
| Anne Hutchinson | a Puritan woman who taught against the teachings of predestination |
| Bacon's Rebellion | a rebellion in 1675-1676 in Virginia; it started when vigilante colonists started a war against neighboring Native Americans; this war was not supported by the government but it prompted reforms in Virginia's government |
| Neo-Europe's | (new-Europe) these people sought to replicate, or at least approximate, economies and social structures that the colonists knew at home in Europe |
| Toleration | the allowance of different religious practices; this was practiced in the colonies and was preached by a Puritan minister, Roger Williams |
| Encomienda | a right awarded to leading conquistadors after Cortez toppled Moctezuma; this allowed them to claim tribute in labor and goods from Native communities; the conquistadors began controlling vast resources and monopolizing Native labor |
| Outwork | Merchants would buy supplies, have peasants make textiles, and then sell them. |
| House of Burgesses | a system of representative government that first convened in 1619 to make laws and levy taxes (the governor and council in England could veto these acts) |
| Freeholds | farms of 30-50 acres owned and farmed by families or male partners (would later be called plantations) |
| Indentured Servitude | workers who were under a contract to work for about four or five years for a master and after than time was up, they would be free |
| Puritans | Protestants who (unlike the Pilgrims) did not separate from the Church of England, but hoped to be able to purify it from the inside |
| Francis Drake | the first Englishman to circumnavigate the world; when he returned back to England from his voyage, he brought back gold, silver, silk, and spices |
| John Winthrop | a well-educated county squire who became the first mayor of the Massachusetts Bay Colony |
| Metacom's War | (aka King Phillip's War) it pitted a coalition of Native Americans led by Wampanoag leader Metacom against the New England colonies |
| Covenant of Grace | the Christian ideal that God's elect are granted salvation as a pure gift of grace; this doctrine argues that nothing people do can erase their sins and grant them a place in Heaven |
| Covenant of Works | the Christian ideal that God's elect must do good works in their earthly lives to earn their place in Heaven |
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