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Connective Tissue
Special Stain for demonstration of Connective Tissue
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Masson Trichrome Purpose | To demonstrate between collagen and smooth muscle in tumors and the increase of collagen in diseases |
| Masson Trichrome Principle | Three dyes are used. The general rule in trichrome staining is that the less porous tissue are colored by the smallest dye molecules whenever a dye of larger molecular size is able to penetrate it will always do so at the expense of the smaller molecule |
| Masson Trichrome Expected Results | Nuclei - blue/black Cytoplasm keratin, muscle - Red Collagen, Mucous - Green |
| Masson Trichrome Control Tissue | Uterus Appendix Fallopian Tubes |
| Gomori's One Step Trichrome Purpose | To identify an increase in collagenous tissue fibers or to differentiate between collagen and smooth muscle fibres |
| Gomori's One Step Trichrome Principle | In this procedure a plasma stain and a connective fiber stain are combined in a solution of phosphotungstic acid to which glacial acetic acid has been added. Based on a single step staining |
| Gomori's One Step Trichrome Expected Results | Nuclei - blue/black Cytoplasm, keratin, muscle - red Collagen, mucous - green/blue |
| Gomori's One Step Trichrome Control Tissue | Uterus Appendix Fallopian Tubes |
| Van Gieson Purpose | Used to differentiate between collagen and smooth muscle in tumors and to demonstrate increase in collagen in diseases |
| Van Gieson Principle | This stain will stain collagen selectively by acid fuchsin |
| Van Gieson Expected Results | Collagen - Red Nuclei - dark blue Muscle/RBC - yellow |
| Van Gieson Control Tissue | Uterus Appendix Fallopian Tubes |
| Verhoeff's Van Gieson Purpose | Demonstration of pathological changes in elastic fibres |
| Verhoeff's Van Gieson Principle | The tissue is overstrained with a solution of haematoxylin- ferric chloride -iodine solution. Ferric chloride and Iodine serves as mordant and oxidizing agent, converting haematoxylin to haematin. The ferric chloride will differentiate the elastic fibres |
| Verhoeff's Van Gieson Expected Results | Elastic fibres - black Collagen - Red Nuclei - dark blue Background - Yellow |
| Verhoeff's Van Gieson Control Tissue | Aorta Large Artery |
| Phosphotungstic Acid Haematoxylin Purpose | Demonstration of fibrin and muscle cross striations. Myelin can also be demonstrated but other methods are preferred and glial fibres |
| Phosphotungstic Acid Haematoxylin Principle | The amount of phosphotungstic acid in the staining solution is far greater than the amount of haematin. Tungsten binds all available comments,while the Phosphotungstic acid is thought to stain the ref brown components. Polychromatic Stain |
| Phosphotungstic Acid Haematoxylin Expected Results | Fibrin - blue Muscle - blue Nuclei - blue Collagen - Red/brown |
| Phosphotungstic Acid Haematoxylin Control Tissue | Fibrin - fibrin containing tissue Muscle - skeletal or cardiac Glial fibres - cerebral cortex |
| Gordon and Sweet's Purpose | Demonstration of reticular fibres and change of normal pattern seen in diseases |
| Gordon and Sweet's Principle | oxidized converting sugar groups to aldehydes, followed by a sensitising step for metallic salts. Impregnation of Wilders silver, then reduced with formaldehyde. Toned then with gold chloride, silver to black. Placed in hypo and counterstained |
| Gordon and Sweet's Expected Results | Reticulin Fibers - black Background - Green |
| Gordon and Sweet's Control Tissue | Liver |
| Toludine Blue Purpose | Demonstration of mast cells |
| Toludine Blue Principle | Mast cells will stain metachromatically with toludine Blue |
| Toludine Blue Expected Results | Mast cells - violet Background - blue |
| Giemsa Purpose | Demonstration of mast cells |
| Giemsa Principle | The acetic acid, differentiating agent removes only the blue dye component this increasing the apparent intensity of the red component |
| Giemsa Expected Results | Nuclei - blue Mast cells - purple granules |
| Giemsa Control Tissue | Skin |
| Oil Red O Purpose | Demonstration of fat and lipids in frozen sections |
| Oil Red O Principle | The dye has a greater affinity for the component it is staining and therefore dissolves in the tissue giving it colour, instead of dissolving in the solvent it is being made up in |
| Oil Red O Expected Results | Fat - deep orange/red Nuclei - Blue |
| Oil Red O Control Tissue | Tissue containing fat |
| Sudan Black Purpose | Demonstration of fat |
| Sudan Black Principle | Sudan Black is a slightly basic dye and will combine with acid groups in compound lipids, this also staining phospholipids |
| Sudan Black Expected Results | Fat - blue/black Nuclei - blue |
| Sudan Black Control Tissue | Positive fat smeared slides Negative - lung |
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Lulita
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