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Chapter 11 The 1920'
Mrs. Hall SJMS Chapter 11 Study Guide
| Questions | Answers |
|---|---|
| What idea did Harding campaign on for his Presidential election? | A "return to normalcy" |
| What was Harding's "return to normalcy"? | A return to normal life after 20 years of reform and war. |
| What were Harding's economic policies? | Less taxes, less government rules for business and higher tariffs (taxes) on foreign goods. |
| What problems did Harding have while President? | Some of his cabinet members were dishonest. |
| What was the Teapot Dome Scandal? | Harding's Sec. of Interior Albert Fall took bribes and made illegal deals with oil executives to let them drill for oil on government land. |
| Why did Harding not complete his 4 year term in office? | Harding died in office? |
| Who took over for Harding? | His Vice-President, Calvin Coolidge. |
| What happened to Coolidge in 1924? | Coolidge was elected President on his own. |
| What was Coolidge's economic policy? | Coolidge adopted a policy of "Laissez-faire". |
| What is laissez-faire? | An economic policy of the government leaving business alone believing that the businesses will act in a way that will benefit the nation. |
| Who did Coolidge refuse to help when food prices fell in the 1920's because of overproduction? | The farmers. |
| Why did Coolidge refuse to help the farmers? | He believed it was not the government's job to help people with social and economic problems. |
| What was Coolidge's policy on foreign affairs? | He was an isolationist who wanted the U.S. to stay out of other nation's affairs. |
| What was the Kellog-Briand Act? | A treaty signed by many nations who pledged not to use warfare to settle disputes unless they were attacked. |
| Why did Americans spend more on leisure activities in the 1920's? | U.S. wealth increased and Americans had more time. |
| What technology had the biggest impact on life during the 1920's? | The automobile. |
| Who built an affordable and practical automobile for Americans in the 1920's? | Henry Ford |
| Why was Ford able to sell so many automobiles? | He adapted the assembly line to make cars faster and cheaper. |
| What did more and more Americans use to pay for purchases they could not afford in the 1920's? | The installment plan. |
| What did the Wright brothers do in 1903? | Had the first successful flight in Kitty Hawk, NC with an airplane of their own invention. |
| What man first flew solo over the Atlantic Ocean? | Charles Lindbergh |
| What woman first flew solo over the Atlantic Ocean and later disappeared over the Pacific? | Amelia Earheart |
| What was the nation's first passenger airline company? | Pan Am |
| What was the favorite dance of the 1920's? | The Charleston |
| What was another name for the 18th Amendment? | Prohibition, because it prohibited the manufacture, transportation and sale of alcohol. |
| What were illegal nightclubs/bars during Prohibition called? | Speakeasies |
| What were the individuals were sold/transported alcohol illegally during Prohibition called? | Bootleggers |
| What was Prohibition's impact on organized crime? | Organized crime activity increased during Prohibition |
| What was a flapper? | A young woman who embraced new fashions and attitudes during the 1920's. |
| Who was considered to be one of the most powerful crime "bosses" in Chicago during Prohibition? | Al Capone |
| What happened to the 18th Amendment? | It was repealed (canceled) by the 21st Amendment. |
| What was the Great Migration? | The movement of African-Americans to the Northern cities in the early 1900's to seek better jobs and escape discrimination. |
| What group worked to protect the Constitutional rights of African-Americans? | The NAACP |
| What was Marcus Garvey best known for? | Garvey, the founder of UNIA, called for a return to Africa of African-Americans to form a new African nation. |
| What was the new kind of music that captured the carefree spirit of the times in the 1920's? | Jazz |
| Where did jazz originate? | New Orleans |
| What gave Americans more leisure time in the 1920's? | Shorter working hours and higher wages. |
| Name some of the leisure time activities of the 1920's. | Watching sports, listening to the radio, car trips, talking on the telephone, going to the movies. |
| What is mass media? | Communications that reach a large audience. |
| What was the mass media of the 1920's? | Radio and movies. |
| Where was the movie industry centered in the 1920's? | In Hollywood, CA. |
| What was the Walt Disney's first "talkie"? | Steamboat Willie |
| Name the New York Yankee baseball hero from the 1920's. | Babe Ruth |
| Who was the first woman to swim the English Channel? | Gertrude Ederle |
| What was the unofficial capital of black America in the 1920's? | Harlem, New York. |
| What was the Harlem Renaissance? | A flowering of African-American artistic creativity during the 1920's centered in Harlem and other northern cities. |
| Name 2 important jazz musicians and composers? | Louis Armstrong and Duke Ellington |
| Name the best known blues singer of the Harlem Renaissance? | Bessie Smith |
| What was the "Lost Generation"? | A group of artists and writers who saw little hope for the future after WWI. |
| Why did some of the Lost Generation move to France? | They believed that France offered more freedom and tolerance. |
| What are "expatriates"? | Citizens of one country who take up residence in another country. |
| Who wrote "The Great Gatsby"? | F. Scott Fitzgerald |
| What did F. Scott Fitzgerald's writing focus on? | The Jazz Age of the 1920's. |
| What inventions made life easier for people, especially women, beginning in the 1920's? | Electric appliances such as electric stoves, refrigerators, pumps and washing machines. |
| Who was the African-American painter who chronicled the experiences of the Great Migration north through art? | Jacob Lawrence |
| Who was responsible for the development of the radio? | G. Marconi |
| Who was responsible for the development of the broadcast industry? | David Sarnoff |
| Who was elected U.S. President after Woodrow Wilson? | Warren Harding |
| Who was the artist known for urban scenes and later paintings of flowers and scenes of the Southwest? | Georgia O'Keefe |
| Name 2 composers from this time period who wrote "uniquely American" music? | George Gershwin and Aaron Copeland |
| Who was the writer/novelist who portrayed the strength of poor migrant workers during the 1930's, he wrote the "Grapes of Wrath"? | John Steinbeck |
| History Repeats: What was Woodrow Wilson's proposed peac keeping for after World War I? | The Fourteen Points |
| History Repeats: What was the peace keeping organization from Wilson's plan called? | The League of Nation |
| History Repeats: What was the name of the alliance of Great Britain, Serbia, France and Russian in World War I called? | The Allies |
| History Repeats: What was the alliance of Germany, Austria-Hungary, Bulgaria, and Turkey in World War I called? | The Central Powers |
| History Repeats: As a result of the Spanish-American War, which country gained its independence from Spain? | Cuba |
| History Repeats: What were the negative effects of industrialization? | Child labor, low wages, long work hours, unsafe working conditions. |
| History Repeats: What was the Temperance Movement? | It was composed of groups opposed to the making and consuming of alcohol. |
| History Repeats: What happened in Havana Harbor that caused tension between Spain and the U.S.? | The sinking of the battleship, U.S.S. Maine |
| History Repeats: What were Jim Crow laws? | Laws that were passed to discriminate against African-Americans, they were characterized by unequal opportunities in housing, work, education and government. |
| History Repeats: What was the settlement house founded by Jane Addams? | Hull House |
| History Repeats: Name the 2 groups of immigrants that faced discrimination after the Civil War? | Irish and Chinese |
| History Repeats: What challenges did the growth of cities bring? | Growth of tenements and ghettos, increase in political corruptions and political machines. |
| What is the term for the members of the "Lost Generation" that moved to Europe, mainly France after World War I? | Expatriates. |
| What Jazz Age writer was a member of the "Lost Generation"? | F. Scott Fitzgerald |
| What was Garvey's "Back to Africa" movement? | Garvey wanted African-Americans to go Africa and create a new country for just African-Americans. He believed that African-Americans would never be treated fairly in the U.S. |
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