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Chapter 3
Musculoskeletal System
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Skeletal system | bones, ligaments, and cartilage |
| Appendicular skeleton | bones of the limbs, pectoral girdles, and pelvic girdles |
| Axial skeleton | bones of the skull, thorax, hyoid bone, and vertebral column |
| Muscle types | skeletal, smooth, cardiac |
| ankyl/o | crooked or stiff |
| arthr/o, articul/o | joint |
| brachi/o | arm |
| cervic/o | neck |
| chondr/o | cartilage |
| cost/o | rib |
| crani/o | skull |
| dactyl/o | digit (finger ot toe) |
| fascio/o | fascia |
| femor/o | femur |
| fibr/o | fiber |
| kyph/p | humped-back |
| lei/o | smooth |
| lord/o | bent |
| lumb/o | loin (lower back) |
| muscul/o, my/o, myos/o | muscle |
| myel/o | bone marrow or spinal cord |
| oste/o | bone |
| patell/o | knee cap |
| pelv/i | pelvis or hip bone |
| radi/o | radius |
| rhabd/o | rod-shaped or striated |
| sarc/o | flesh |
| scoli/o | twisted |
| spondyl/o, vertebr/o | vertebra |
| stern/o | sternum |
| ten/o, tend/o, tendin/o | tendon |
| thorac/o | chest |
| ton/o | tone or tension |
| vertebr/o | vertebra |
| bone | specialized connective tissue composed of osteocytes |
| compact bone | tightly solid bone tissue that forms the exterior of bones |
| spongy bone | mesh-like bone tissue found in the interior of bones, and surrounding the medullary cavity |
| cancellous bone | mesh-like bone tissue found in the interior of bones, and surrounding the medullary cavity |
| long bone | elongated bones of the arms and legs |
| short bone | square-shaped bones of the wrists and ankles |
| flat bone | thin, flattened bones of the ribs, shoulder blades (scapulae), pelvis, and skull |
| irregular bone | bones of the vertebrae and face |
| sesamoid bone | round bones found near joints |
| epiphysis | wide ends of a long bone |
| diaphysis | shaft of a long bone |
| metaphysis | growth zone between the epiphysis and the diaphysis during development of a long bone |
| endosperm | membrane lining the medullary cavity of a bone |
| medullary cavity | cavity within the shaft of the long bones; filled with bone marrow |
| bone marrow | soft connective tissue within the medullary cavity of bones |
| periosteum | fibrous, vascular membrane that covers the bone |
| articular cartilage | gristle-like substance on bones where they articulate |
| Frontal plane | anterior/front and posterior/back |
| Transverse plane | Superior/above and inferior/below |
| Sagittal plane | Left and right |
| A | anterior |
| AKA | above knee amputation |
| AP | anterior posterior |
| BKA | below knee amputation |
| BP | blood pressure |
| CAT | computed axial tomography |
| CC | chief complaint |
| CT | computed tomography |
| DJD | degenerative joint disease |
| EMG | electromyogram |
| FX | fracture |
| HPI | history of present illness |
| Hx | history |
| IMP | impression |
| L&W | living & well |
| MRI | magnetic resonance imaging |
| NAD | no acute distress |
| NKDA | no known drug allergies |
| NSAID | non steroidal anti-inflammatory drug |
| OA | osteoarthritis |
| ORIF | open reduction, internal fixation |
| P | posterior or pulse |
| PA | posterior anterior |
| PE | physical examination |
| PMH | past medical history |
| PT | physical therapy |
| R | respiration |
| RA | rheumatoid arthritis |
| ROM | range of motion |
| ROS | review of systems |
| SH | social history |
| T | temperature |
| VS | vital signs |
| Tx | traction |
Created by:
maariiaa
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