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Reconstruction
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Reconstruction | Reconstruction is the period of US History during which the United States began to rebuild the South after the Civil War. It lasted from 1865-1877 |
| Abraham Lincoln | 16th president of the U.S. in the time of the Civil War. He was assassinated in April 1865 |
| Andrew Johnson | 17th President of the United States; was elected vice president and succeeded Lincoln when Lincoln was assassinated; was impeached but acquitted by one vote |
| impeach | charge (the holder of a public office) with misconduct. |
| Radical Republicans | believed blacks were entitled to the same political rights and opportunities as whites. They also believed that the Confederate leaders should be punished for their roles in the Civil War |
| Military Reconstruction Act of 1867 | divided the South into five military districts governed by previous Union generals. |
| Freedman’s bureau | an agency of the War Department set up in 1865 to assist formerly enslaved people, freed from slavery by emancipation, in obtaining relief, land, jobs, fair treatment, and education |
| 13th Amendment | abolished slavery |
| 14th Amendment | granted citizenship to all persons born or naturalized in the United States—including former enslaved people—and guaranteed all citizens “equal protection of the laws |
| 15th Amendment | guaranteed African-American men the right to vote |
| Black codes | were restrictive laws designed to limit the freedom of African Americans and ensure their availability as a cheap labor force after slavery was abolished during the Civil War |
| Literacy test | The purpose was to exclude persons with minimal literacy, in particular, poor African Americans in the South, from voting |
| Grandfather clause | The clause said you could not vote unless your grandfather had voted prior to 1867-- an impossibility for most people whose ancestors were slaves. |
| KKK | white supremacist terrorist group that emerged during Reconstruction. It took violent steps to undermine the Republican party, hoping to maintain black economic instability and ensure white racial and economic superiority in the postwar South. |
| Lynching | the mob killing of a person suspected of a crime, especially by hanging, that is done outside of the law. |
| Sharecropping | a system where the landlord/planter allows a tenant to use the land in exchange for a share of the crop. This encouraged tenants to work to produce the biggest harvest that they could, and ensured they would remain tied to the land. |
| Jim Crow laws | laws that enforced racial segregation in the South |
| Segregation | separation of different racial groups in a country, community, or establishment. |
| Plessy v. Ferguson | a landmark decision of the United States Supreme Court in which the Court ruled that racial segregation laws did not violate the U.S. Constitution as long as the facilities for each race were equal in quality. |
| White Supremacy | the belief that whites are biologically different and superior to people of other races |
| Election of 1876 | the belief that whites are biologically different and superior to people of other races |
| Compromise of 1877 | Democrats agreed that Rutherford B. Hayes would become president in exchange for the withdrawal of federal troops from the South and the granting of home rule in the South. |
| Poll Tax | a tax to pay in order to vote |
Created by:
jcerciello
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