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Chapter 3 Review
Chapter 3 Review Book
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Alien and Sedition Acts | Designed to strengthen Federalist Party. Made it more difficult to become a citizen or to arrest and deport non-citizens. Made it easier to arrest someone for criticizing the government |
| Virginia and Kentucky Resolutions | In response to the Alien and Sedition Acts - stated that states could interpret the Constitutionality of laws and nullify federal laws |
| Louisiana Purchase | purchase by the US of the Louisiana Territory from France in 1803. Doubled the size of the US. Appeared to be contradiction of Jefferson's belief in strict constructionist interpretation of Constitution. |
| Monroe Doctrine | US policy beginning in 1823 that warned Europe not to interfere with nations of Latin America. In other words: Do not interfere in the Western Hemisphere |
| Nativism | movement designed to limit immigration to the United States |
| "Know Nothings" | Nickname of American Party - a nativist party of the 1850s |
| Spoils System | giving appointed offices as rewards to supporters. Begun under Andrew Jackson |
| Indian Removal Act | Allowed for and provided funds for the forced relocation for Native Americans to move west of the Mississippi. |
| Trail of Tears | forced movement of the Cherokee to land west of the Mississippi River |
| Andrew Jackson | Gained prominence during War of 1812. Vetoed National Bank, Supported Indian Removal Act (Trail of Tears), Used Spoils system to give jobs to supporters. Remember: King Andrew, or Man of the People? |
| Worcester v. Georgia | Ruled that Georgia laws regarding the Cherokee were null and void due to supremacy clause. Andrew Jackson ignored ruling leading to Trail of Tears |
| Nullification | Idea that states can "nullify" or cancel federal laws they believed were unconstitutional |
| Abolitionist Movement | Movement that sought to end slavery. Popular abolitionists: Frederick Douglass, William Lloyd Garrison, Harriet Tubman, Sojourner Truth |
| The Liberator | Abolitionist newspaper of William Lloyd Garrison |
| Uncle Tom's Cabin | Book by Harriet Beecher Stowe that helped increase support for the abolitionist movement |
| Declaration of Sentiments | Document drafted at the Seneca Falls Convention that called for equality for women, including suffrage |
| Manifest Destiny | Believe that the US had a mission to expand from Ocean to Ocean. |
| Missouri Compromise | Pre-Civil War compromise over slavery. Missouri admitted as a slave state, Maine as a free state and banned slavery north of the 36'30 line |
| Compromise of 1850 | Pre-Civil War compromise over slavery. California admitted as a free state, strict Fugitive Slave Law passed, Arizona and New Mexico would decide based on popular sovereignty |
| Popular Sovereignty | Idea that residents of a state should decide whether the state would be a free state or a slave state. |
| Kansas-Nebraska Act | Overturned the Missouri Compromise and said that Kansas and Nebraska (north of 36'30) could decide whether to be slave states based on popular sovereignty |
| William Lloyd Garrison | Abolitionist editor of the Liberator, leader of the American Anti-Slavery Society |
| Frederick Douglass | Abolitionist and writer of the North Star. |
| Sojourner Truth | Former slave who pushed for abolition, civil rights, temperance and women's rights. |
| Elizabeth Cady Stanton | Women's Rights advocate. One of the leaders of the Seneca Falls Convention (1848) Wrote the Declaration of Sentiments |
| Lucretia Mott | An organizer of the Seneca Falls Convention. Abolitionist and advocate for women's rights. |
| Harriet Tubman | Abolitionist who made 19 trips to lead escaped slaves on the Underground Railroad. |
| Stephen Douglass | Proposed the Kansas-Nebraska Act which increased sectional tensions. |
| John Brown | Extreme abolitionist, killed pro-slavery settlers in Kansas and raid on Harpers Ferry resulted in trial and execution |
| Dred Scott v. Sanford (1857) | Ruled African Americans were not citizens (later overturned with 14th Amendment), Declared enslaved people property. Declared Missouri Compromise unconstitutional because it deprived slave owners of their property. |
| secede | to withdraw. Example - the South seceded from the Union during the Civil War |
| martial law | law administered by the military in times of national emergency |
| Emancipation Proclamation | Declared that slaves in states in the Confederacy would be free on January 1, 1863. |
| 13th Amendment | banned slavery |
| Gettysburg Address | speech by Abraham Lincoln about the Civil War in 1863. |
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