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Ancient Greece
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Aristotle | A philosopher who believed best government had pieces of monarchy, oligarchy, and democracy. He stressed the scientific method for observing the world. he tutored Alexander the Great |
| Socrates | A philosopher who believed in absolute truth. He was sentenced to death after telling young Athenians to question the ideas and beliefs of government. |
| Plato | A philosopher who believed people needed to be led by a well educated philosopher- king. |
| Alexander the Great | Leader of the largest empire at the time. He began the Hellenistic Era which spread Greek culture |
| King Philip II | Ruler of Macedonia. He conquered Greek city-states who had been weakened by the Peloponnesian War |
| Pericles | Athenian leader who gave jobs to people because of their abilities. He started a rebuilding program after the Persian War. he also helped Athens flourish by supporting writers, teachers, artists, and architects. |
| Monarchy | Ruled by a single ruler who inherits their power from a parent |
| Direct democracy | Rule and voting by the people |
| Oligarchy | A small group of rich powerful business people who rule |
| Tyranny | One ruler has power and overthrows the government to get it. That ruler has no legal claim to rule |
| Athens' Golden Age | There were achievements in science, mathematics, architecture, literature, and philosophy |
| Sparta | A Greek city state. A military way of life was important to them |
| Citizen | People who love in a city-state with certain rights and responsibilities |
| Agora | Open-air market that also served as a political meeting place |
| Philosophy | Means “love of wisdom”. It is the idea of looking for wisdom and the best way to live |
| Jury | Group of people who hear evidence and make decisions in a court of law |
| Acropolis | A fort built on a hilltop where local people could seek protection from invading forces. |
| Colonies | A settlement in a new territory that is governed by its homeland |
| Hellenism | The spreading of Greek ways and ideas to other cultures |
| Pellopenisan War | A war between Athens and Sparta. Athens was such a strong city-state, Pericles began demanding loyalty and payments from the other city-states. Sparta faced pressure to attack Athens and that began the Peloponnesian War. Sparta won the war |
| Delian League | Meant to protect the Greek city-states from Persia |
| Assembly | Law- making body of democracy that meets to pass laws, elect officials, and make policy on war and foreign affairs. |
Created by:
O'HaraSS
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