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Diseases Seen in Y4

Nephrotic Syndrome Definition: Clinical syndrome - >3g Proteinuria/day due to glomerular disorder + peripheral odema + hypoalbuminaemia + hyperlipidaemia Epidemiology
Biological behaviour/ clinical manifestations Investigations
Aetiology / Pathophysiology Primary/idiopathic NS (INS) : - Minimal Change Disease (MCD) - Focal Segmental Gloerulosclerosis (FSGS) - Membranoproliferative Glomerulonephritis (MPGN) - Membranous Glomerulonephritis (MGN) Secondary NS: Infection, medicat
Definition: Clinical syndrome - >3.5g Proteinuria/day due to glomerular disorder + peripheral odema + hypoalbuminaemia (< 2.5g/dL) + hyperlipidaemia Epidemiology INS peaks in childhood (2.5 y/o - MCD, 6y/o -FSGS). M:F = 3:2. Aetiology / Pathophysiology Primary/idiopathic NS (INS) : GLOMERULNEPHRITIS - Minimal Change Disease (MCD) - Focal Segmental Gloerulosclerosis (FSGS) - Membranoproliferative Glomerulonephritis (MPGN) - Membranous Glomerulonephritis (MGN) Secondary NS: Biological behaviour [symptoms] / clinical manifestations I.e. signs - Proteinuria [foamy urine] - Progressive lower extremity oedema [pitting odema, swelling of ankles, legs, hands, abdo, weight gain from fluid retention] - [Fatigue, weakness, loss of a Investigations - Urine tests (urine dipstick for Proteinuria, hematuria is a sign of GN), (MSU + culture to rule out infection) (24h urine - level of of urine protein secretion) (urine protein electrophoresis) (first morning void -prot:creat) - Blood test Management - manage symptoms + treat underlying disease - Treat Proteinuria (ACEi/ARB for HT), spironolactone, increase dietary protein intake - Treat oedema (limit Na intake, restrict fluid intake, diuretics - furosemide) - Hypercoagulability (prophylact
NephrItic Syndrome Definition Epidemiology Aetiology/Pathophysiology Biological behaviour [symptoms] / clinical manifestations (signs) Investigations Management
Created by: Khadija98
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