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Kennedy and Johnson
Kennedy and Johnson Administration
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Describe some important occurrences during the Kennedy administration. | Name and Describe 5 Big Events that Happened During the Kennedy Administration |
| Describe some important occurrences during the Johnson (LBJ) administration | Name and Describe 5 Big Events that Happened During the (LBJ) Johnson administration |
| Describe the Cuban Revolution: Who, What, When, Where, How, Why. | Fidel Castro, the Cuban 'president for life,' started the Cuban Revolution. Initially, the U.S. supported Cuba, until Castro allied himself with Cuba |
| Describe the Bay of Pigs (plan to oust Castro/how and why did this fail and what was the result) | 1,500 Cuban exiles were crushed at the Bay of Pigs because President Kennedy refused to provide air cover. This was an embarrassment to the U.S. (U.S. trained the Cuban exiles and they invaded the Bay of Pigs. However, the exiles were then crushed). |
| "Cuban Missile Crisis" | Soviet Union portrayed the U.S. as weak and set up missiles in Cuba. This was a threat to U.S. security. **Kennedy blockaded the Cuba, threatening to invade. |
| How did the Cuban Missile Crisis end? | To stop the threat of a nuclear war, the Soviets agreed to remove their missiles in Cuba, if the U.S. would remove their missiles in Italy and Turkey (which were a threat to the Soviet Union) and promise never to invade Cuba |
| Name the countries that felt threatened during the Cuban Missile Crisis | Russia (because of missiles in Italy and Turkey) and the U.S. (because of missiles in Cuba); could have led to a nuclear war |
| Main Reason the U.S. got involved in the Vietnam War | The U.S. did not want Communism to spread to South Vietnam (which was democratic). Fear of the Domino Effect. |
| Describe conditions of the Vietnam War for U.S. troops | troops were drafted (some as young as 18), troops were fighting in the jungles of South Vietnam, there was a South Vietnamese guerilla military (called VietCong), Americans didn't know which people were on their side and not on their side |
| "Vietcong" | South Vietnamese guerilla military that were living in South Vietnamese and were communist (U.S. troops had to watch out for this group whenever they were in the jungle of Vietnam) |
| What was occurring 'at home' in the U.S. during this time? | The younger groups were not for the war. Young people were engaging in drug use. When troops came back from the war, they did not feel supported and some did not even WANT to go to war (were drafted). |
| "Domino Effect"/ "Domino Theory" | The idea that if one country falls to communism, other countries will fall as well. This theory/fear is what caused the Vietnam War which happened in South Vietnam (wanted to keep South Vietnam democratic) |
| "Gulf of Tonkin Resolution" | in 1964, there was a perceived attack on U.S. Navy ships in the Gulf of Tonkin. This gave President Johnson a "blank check" to wage war with Vietnam. 500,000 U.S. troops were placed in Vietnam by 1968. |
| "Tet-Offensive"/significance | this is when the Vietcong launched surprise attacks on almost every American base in South Vietnam. Significance: Americans watched this occur on tv and thought that it was a setback for Johnson's Vietnam policy. Tet-Offensive demoralized America. |
| Significance of the Tet-Offensive | By seeing this on television, the people at home in the U.S. felt that the U.S. was losing the war/decreased public support of the war |
| "Assassination of President Kennedy"/significance/Next President | Occurred in 1963 in Dallas, TX; President Kennedy had the Civil Rights Bill on his desk, ready to be signed whenever he died; LBJ: Lyndon B. Johnson takes over. |
| Significance of LBJ (Lyndon B. Johnson)/"War on Poverty"/"Great Society" | Lyndon B. Johnson launches a "War on Poverty" and has a vision of the "Great Society" He enacts Medicare, Medicaid, Headstart, and JobCorp. |
| Describe the following "Great Society" programs: Medicare, Medicaid, Headstart, JobCorp./Why does LBJ begin these? | Medicare, Medicaid, Headstart, JobCorp. (describe them: who do they benefit and what are they)/This was launched as part of LBJ's "War on Poverty" and "Great Society" |
| "Civil Rights Act of 1964"/who did it protect? | could have been signed by President Kennedy but he was assassinated. Started with LBJ, this outlawed discrimination against African Americans and women, and did not allow segregation of schools, places of work, and facilities that served the public |
| Voting Rights Act of 1965/what did it make illegal | meant that unfair voting practices could no longer occur (no literacy tests, etc.) |
| "Impact of Television" on the U.S. public: Kennedy/Nixon; African Americans/civil rights; Vietnam War/Moon Landing | The public impacted the U.S. in positive and negative ways: Kennedy/Nixon presidential election. Arguably, because of TV, Kennedy won (attractive); Civil Rights movement-showed the traumatic abuses that African Americans faced=more sympathy. Vietnam War. |
| Civil Rights Movement: Describe the SCLC, Dr. Martin Luther King, SNCC, sit-ins, Freedom Rides, "Letter from Birmingham Jail", "I Have a Dream," March on Washington, Cesar Chavez, United Farm Workers' movement | Describe these: Who, What, When, Where, How Why-SCLC, Dr. Martin Luther King, SNCC, sit-ins, Freedom Rides, "Letter from Birmingham Jail", "I Have a Dream," March on Washington, Cesar Chavez, United Farm Workers' movement |
| Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC) | started by MLK, Jr. and others, they agreed to use NON-VIOLENCE like marches, protests, and demonstrations to get equality for African Americans |
| Student Non-Violent Coordinating Committee (SNCC) | founded by African American college students, they used 'sit-ins' at segregated lunch counters and refused to leave, registered African Americans to vote, and Freedom Rides |
| sit-in/Freedom Rides | Describe: Who, What, When, Where, How, Why |
| "Letter from Birmingham Jail" | by Martin Luther King, Jr., he defended non-violence and addressed fears that he was moving too quickly toward desegregation. |
| "I Have a Dream"/March on Washington | by Martin Luther King, Jr., he called for racial harmony. March on Washington-March for racial equality |
| Assassination of MLK, Jr. | killed on the hotel balcony in Memphis, TN. This led to massive riots around the country |
| Cesar Chavez/another group that used non-violent protests | a Mexican American who led a boycott of California grapes, fording grape growers to negotiate a contract with United Farm Workers (so Latinos would no longer work for low wages and no benefits |
| Describe Cuba during Castro's regime | Communist: took people's private property, people's land. Those who objected were jailed or killed. People fleed to Florida. The Soviet Union was a key ally of Cuba during this time. |
| Describe the embargo on Cuba | started in 1962, we cannot trade with Cuba, nor can we travel to Cuba |
Created by:
khanchett
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