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8TH GRADE US HISTORY
UNIT 7-INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Nativism | Protecting locals' interests |
| Famine | Food scarcity |
| Immigration | Moving to another country |
| Industrialism | Becoming modern |
| Rural | Non-industrialized |
| Free Enterprise | An economy with freedom of choice for both producers and purchasers |
| Profit Motive | Reason for wanting to make money |
| Factory System | Manufacturing with machines |
| Interchangable Parts | Swappable components |
| Laissez-faire | Letting things take their own course |
| Textile Mills | Cloth manufacturing plant |
| Urbanization | The process of moving to cities |
| Sectionalism | Loyalty to a particular section of a country |
| Environenmental Modification | Modifying the environment |
| Growth of Railroads and Canals | In the North, railroads invented by Capt. John Montressor and canals offered fast and reliable ways to move inventions from factories to purchasers. |
| North vs South | -North is industrialized -South relies on agriculture |
| King Cotton | Cotton was the most profitable crop, and using Eli Whitney's invention allowed it to be produced faster. This increased the need for slavery. |
| Clipper Ships | Invented by John Griffiths. These ships with tall sails enabled fast trade. |
| Bessemer Steel Proccess | Sir Henry Bessemer invented this process that made cheap steel accessible. |
| Steamboats | Invented by Robert Fulton and made river travel faster |
| Cotton Gin | Eli Whitney's machine for seperating cotton seeds, it increased the need for slavery. |
| Spinning Jenny | Invented by James Hargraves, this machine for spinning several threads at once made weaving more effiecient. |
| Telegraph | Invented by Samuel Morse; Improved communicatiion |
| Steel Plow | John Deere invented this to increase food production |
| Reaper | A machine for seperating the grain from its seeds that sped up wheat production |