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Test 3 History
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Why did most Americans support isolationism in the 1930s? | in the 1930s, the version of americans long standing desire to avoid foreign entanglements dominated congress. Americans were convinced the involvement in WW1 was a mistake & Ethnic allegiances reinforced american traditions. |
| What factors after 1939 led to US involvement in world war II? | -congress agreed to allow the sale of arms to Britain on a "cash and carry"basis and approved plans for military rearmament./ Lend lease act: authorized military aid to countries if they paid it back after the war (Britain/China) & Attack on pearl harbor |
| How did the gov't, business, and labor work together to promote wartime production and how did the war affect each group? | In order to secure industrial peace and stabilize war production, the federal gov't forced employers to recognize unions/ Union leaders agreed not to strike/ companies joined in the campaign to promote wartime patriotism. |
| How did different groups understand or experience the 4 freedoms differently? | blacks: freedom from fear meant among other things, an end to lynching. Freedom from want included doing away w/ discrimination in jobs. // whites: freedom was a possession to be defended. to blacks & other min. freedom remained a goal to be achieved. |
| How did the war alter the lives of women on homefront and what did different groups think would happen to that status of women after the war? | Women become a massive presence in the work force. fought for equal pay, maternity leave and child care facilities. hoped to stay in the work force after war but when the war ended most female war workers lost their jobs. |
| how did a war fought to bring "essential human freedoms" to the world fail to protect the home front liberties of blacks, indians, japanese-americans and mexican americans? | - japanese camps took away the most civil freedoms of thousands of japanese citizens./ blacks were not given the same opportunities during ware time as whites were limited to non combat position i the army & given little to no access. |
| explain how WW I promoted on awareness of the links between racism in the US & colonialism around the world? | Gandhi wrote to FDR that the allies fighting to make the world safe for freedom & democracy seemed hollow so long as india & africa were exploited by GB&america has the negro problem @ home. // |
| explain how WW I promoted on awareness of the links between racism in the US & colonialism around the world? pt 2 | although the allied victory saved mankind from a system of dictatorial control and slave labor, disputes over the freedom of colonial peoples & nonwhites in the US foretold more wars & social upheavals. |
| what was the impact of the GI bill of rights on American society, including minorities | returning veterans were able to attend college, get mortgage loan & receive job training. // Black veterans who hoped to receive there benefits faced set backs, mostly in the south as the admin only allowed them to go to segregated schools |
| Describe how the discussions made at the Bretton Woods conference in the 1944 created the framework for postwar US economic & foreign policy? | established US as the leader in international finances thru the creation of the world bank & international montage fund as both were american dominated. |
| Describe how the discussions made at the Bretton Woods conference in the 1944 created the framework for postwar US economic & foreign policy? pt2 | replaced the british pound w/ the american dollar as the main currency for international trade - this set america up to be the forefront of the world economy/ american leaders believed these establishment would encourage freetrade & growth of the world ec |
| what major ideological conflicts, security interests & events brought about the cold war? | Truman Doctrine, communism vs. capitalism.. security interests, berlin airlift, berlin wall, marshall plan, national security council 68. That all nations come together to cooperate together. US is the sole super power of the world. it trusts america to |
| president truman referred to the truman doctrine & the marshall plan as "two halves of the same walnut." Explain the similarities & Differences between these two aspects of containment. | TD embrace the cold war as the foundation of american foreign policy & the cold wat is the beginning of the world wide struggle over freedom. Doctrine is the policy of containment of communism from spreading (stalin/russia) Marshall plan providing aid to |
| how did the tendency of both the US & Soviet union to see all international events thru lens of the cold war lessen each country's ability to understand what was happening in other countries around the war? | Both emphasized certain provisions of the universal declaration while ignoring others. B) Soviets claimed to provide all citizens w/ social & economic rights but violated democratic rights & civil liberties C) many americans saw these nonpolitical rights |
| why did the US not support movements for colonial independence around the world? | liberal dems & blacks leaders urged the truman admin to take the lead in promoting worldwide decolonization. "many movements for "colonial independence" borrowed the language of the american declaration of indep. in demanding the right to self gov't |
| How did the gov't attempt to shape public opinion during the cold war? | national security agencies encouraged hollywood to produce anticommunist moves such as the red menace & I married a communist. CIA secretly funded an array of overseas publications, conferences, publishing houses, concerts & art exhibits. |
| How did the gov't attempt to shape public opinion during the cold war? pt 2 | Try to improve the international image of american race relations, the gov't sent jazz musicians & other black performers abroad, especially to africa & asia. |
| Explain the differences between the US & Soviet application of the UN universal declaration of human rights? | it identified broad range of rights to be enjoyed by ppl everywhere including freedom of speech, religious toleration, & everywhere including arbitrary gov't. |
| Explain the differences between the US & Soviet application of the UN universal declaration of human rights? pt 2 | 1 reason for the lack of an enforcement mechanism was both US & Soviet refused to accept outside interference in their internal affairs. soviets provided social & economic rights but violated civil libs. |
| how did the anticommunist crusade affect organized labor in the postwar period? | w/ this communists fear in the US, there were loyalty oaths & patriotic questioning throughout the country. States required loyalty oaths of teachers, pharmacists & members of other professions. |
| how did the anticommunist crusade affect organized labor in the postwar period? pt 2 | Those who failed to testify about their political beliefs & inform of possible communists often lost their jobs. The Cold War fueled economic growth & Job opportunities but started a deep @ loyalty & disloyalty that extended to the workplace. |
| What accounts for the republican resurgence in these years? | middle class voted repub in 1946 bc of labor turmoil; resulted in repubs sweeping both houses; operation dixon failed in south; congress turned aside fair deal & enacted tax cuts; forced sates to pass right to work laws that prohibit compulsory union ship |
| what were the major components of trumans fair deal? which ones were implemented & which ones weren't? | Fair deal: focused on raising the standard of living in america by increasing the min. wage, enacting national healthcare, expanding public housing, expanding social security & giving more aid to education. congress turned aside his program. |
| what were the major components of trumans fair deal? which ones were implemented & which ones weren't? pt 2 | it enacted tax cuts for wealthy americans led to passing of the Tart Hartley Act, which reserved gains made by organized labor. prevented strikes & boycotts & outlawed the requirement for a worker to be a union member. outlawed work discrim. |
| how did the cold war affect civil liberties in the US? | many black organizations used the cold war as rhetoric for their own purposes. W/ new ideas of freedom from the war, this called for greater attention for civil rights. Pres. Truman called for more attention to civil rights. |
| how did the cold war affect civil liberties in the US? pt 2 | however, the cold war did NOT prove to help the imperfections in the US Society. There were laws banning discrimination. even tho most went unenforced. Society began to boom after the war, but there was declining opportunities for minorities in america. |
| How did McCarren-Walter codify the relationship between communism & citizenship? Why did the clamp down on communism fall disproportionately on these regarded as outside the american mainstream? | It made it possible to revoke the citizenship & deport an American born abroad if he or she refused to testify about "subversive" activity. It kept the quotas in place. They would remain the basis of immigration law. |
| How did McCarren-Walter codify the relationship between communism & citizenship? Why did the clamp down on communism fall disproportionately on these regarded as outside the american mainstream? PT2 | a loyalty review system that required the gov't employees to demonstrate their patriotism w/o being allowed to confront accusers. targeted gay people who worked for gov't, could be spies for soviet lol |
| how did a war fought to bring "essential human freedoms" to the world fail to protect the home front liberties of blacks, indians, japanese-americans and mexican americans? pt 2 | blacks cont'd: no access to work in war production factories. Mex-americans: faced discrimination & limited opportunities for work that mostly included low skill farm & ranch labor. |
| explain how WW I promoted on awareness of the links between racism in the US & colonialism around the world? pt 2 | The allied victory saved mankind from a system of dictatorial control & slave labor, disputes over the freedom of colonial peoples & non whites in the US. |
| what was the impact of the GI bill of rights on American society, including minorities? pt 2 |
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SerenaE98
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