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SS Exam
Greece 1-4 and Rome 1-3
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| a piece of land nearly surrounded by water | peninsula |
| A Greek city-state | polis |
| A gathering place or marketplace in ancient Greece | agora |
| A group of armed foot soldiers in ancient Greece arranged close together in rows. | phalanx |
| An absolute ruler unrestrained by law | tyrant |
| A government in which a small group has control | oligarchy |
| A government by the people | democracy |
| A province in ancient Persia | satrapy |
| A Persian religion based on the belief in one god and founded by the religious teacher Zoroaster | Zoroastrianism |
| A form of democracy in which all citizens can participate firsthand in the decision-making process | Direct democracy |
| A form of democracy in which citizens elect officials to govern on their behalf | Representative democracy |
| A person who searches for wisdom or enlightenment. | philosopher |
| Describe the geography in and around Greece. | Aegean, Ionian, and Mediterranean Seas, rugged mountains on the mainland of Greece. No river civilization. |
| What is important about the Minoans? | First group of people near Greece on the island of Crete. Trade was the most important economic activity. Traded pottery and vases for ivory and metals in Egypt and Syria. Palace on Crete built by them - Knossos. |
| What is important about the Mycenaeans? | Lived on the mainland of Greece. Kings lived in a palace built on a hill. Nobles lived outside the walls on large farms - estates. Palace was the center of govt. Made clothes and a jar for wine and olive oil, metal workers too |
| What did Mycenaeans adopt from Minoans? | Ship building, use of sun and stars to navigate seas, worked with bronze, worshiped Earth mother as chief god. |
| How did the Dorian invasion help spread Greek culture during the “Dark Ages”? | When the Dorians invaded. Trade slowed, farmers only grew enough for their own people. As Dorians pushed in, Greeks fled their homes.. Culture spread |
| What made the Greeks adopt the Phoenician alphabet? | Needed a system of writing to record their trade. |
| Inside a polis was a fort. This fort was an acropolis. The open area outside the acropolis was the agora. What was it used for? | Used as a marketplace to debate issues, pass laws and chose officials as well as trade goods. |
| Polis was governed by citizens. Who was a citizen? | Landowning male born in Greece ONLY |
| What were their rights and responsibilities? What about the rights of women and children? | Rights: vote, hold public office and defend themselves in court. Responsibilities: serve in the government., fight to defend their polis. Women and kids had no political rights. |
| Describe the political changes in Ancient Greece. | Nobkes took control from->Common people supported tyrants-> Greek wanted more to say in the government |
| As the Greek city-states grew, there were political changes, which led to the rise of ____. How did these men rule? | Tyrants; ruled fairly |
| What did most Greek city-states change to after being ruled by tyrants? | Oligarchies and Democracies. |
| What was different between the people’s lives and government in Athens and Sparta? | Athens- Democracy; Sparta - Oligarchy Describe Sparta women and boys Describe Sparta boys and young girls and boys in Athens |
| Who was the Persian king who built a powerful army? | Cyrus the Great |
| How did Cyrus rule? | airly - allowed the people he conquered to keep their languages, religions, and laws. |
| What was the Royal Road? | Important roads where travelers could get food, water, and fresh horses at roadside stations. |
| What is important about Darius I? | Divided the empire into provinces to make it easier to manage. He called the provinces satrapies. |
| How was Greek civilization different from Persian civilization? | Persians obeyed powerful kings and Greeks allowed the people to rule themselves. |
| How did the Greeks finally defeat the Persians? | Greeks improved their fighting and used better weapons. |
| What is the difference between direct democracy and representative democracy? | All citizens debate and vote on government matters. Representative government is where citizens elect representatives to make and pass laws. |
| What made Pericles an important general in Athens? | Led city-state for 30 years; gave people positions in govt based on ability; thought social classes was insignificant; brought ordinary Athenians into government. |
| What is a philosopher? | Person who thinks about the meaning of life. |
| Describe Athenian citizenship. | Citizens: free native born men Noncitizens: women, foreign born men, enslaved people |
| Why was slavery important in Athens? | Much work was done by slaves which helped the economy by freeing up more time to citizens. |
| What was important about the Delian League? | Created as a defense against Persia. |
| What caused the Peloponnesian War? | Athens interfered with some of the Spartan allies. Those allies told Sparta to take care of Athens. |
| a form of government in which citizens elect their leaders | republic |
| A large group of Roman soldiers | legion |
| A member of the ruling class | patrician |
| An ordinary citizen | plebeian |
| Head of government | consul |
| To reject | veto |
| Government officials who interpret the laws(judges) | praetors |
| An elected official who protects the rights of ordinary citizens(plebeians) | tribune |
| A person given total power | dictator |
| The idea that citizens have a duty to help their country | Civic duty |
| a farming estate | Latifundia |
Created by:
Sugarrey1
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