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13 Colonies Notes
Study Cards Of Colonial Government Notes
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What were the governments of the colonies formed in? | The governments of the colonists were formed in different manners and with various structures. |
| How was each colony set up? | Each colony was set up in a way such that by the mid-1700s, they had a strong capacity for self-government and held local elections. |
| When the first colonists landed in Jamestown, Virginia in 1607, what did they bring with them? | When the first colonists landed in Jamestown, Virginia in 1607 they brought the English Common Law with them. |
| The term "common law" was the name given to which law? | The term "common law" was the name given to the law that emerged as "common" throughout the realm of England and was extended to include the 13 colonies to be used by Colonial Government. |
| What did the Colonial Government represent? | Colonial Government represented an extension of the English government. |
| The court systems and courts in the colonies enforced which law? | The court systems and courts in the colonies enforced the Common law of England. |
| What were the three types of government? | There were three types or systems of government used within Colonial Government-Royal, Charter and Proprietary. |
| However, what did they all operate with? | However, they all operated using the basic principles. |
| What are these principles? | All of the systems of Colonial Government in the 13 Colonies elected their own legislature (parliament). All of the Colonial Government systems were democratic. All of the Colonial Government systems had a Governor, a Governor's court, and a Court System. |
| What was the first organization and structure of Colonial Government? | A Governor held the executive power in the colony and represented the Crown (England) in the colonial government. |
| What was the second organization and structure of Colonial Government? | The Governor's Council was composed of influential and powerful men who advised and supported the Governor. |
| What was the third organization and structure of Colonial Government? | The Governor's Council exercised various judicial and administrative powers. |
| What was the fourth organization and structure of Colonial Government? | An Assembly was elected by, and therefore represented, the citizens of the towns and counties. |
| What was the Governor? | He was the representative of the King. |
| Who was the 13 Colonies governed and ruled by? | The 13 Colonies were governed and ruled by England and its monarchs. |
| In order to rule the colonies from a long distance a governor was what? | In order to rule the colonies from a long distance a governor was appointed. |
| The role of the Governor was to what? | The role of the Governor was to oversee the colony and was the head of the colonial administration. |
| How was the role of the Governor extremely powerful? | The role of the Governor was extremely powerful-he was in charge of Colonial Government which meant he had to fulfill various political duties. |
| To help him in his role he had the authority to do what? | To help him in his role he had the authority to appoint various government officials. |
| What did he have the power to do? | He had the power to convene, or dissolve the legislature. He also had the power to veto any of its laws. |
| He had command of the what? | He had the command of the militia so was able to enforce Colonial Government policies. |
| What did the King of England establish? | The King of England established a council both in America and England to provide Colonial Governance and management of the colonies and identified all council members. |
| The council had the authority to do what? | The council had the authority to benefit from the natural resources of the colonies with part of the profits given to the King. |
| Despite the differences in the types of Colonial Government all of the colonies had a what? | Despite the differences in the types of Colonial Government all of the colonies had a legislature that was elected by the people. |
| Who was the right to vote limited to? | The right to vote was limited to men who owned land, paid taxes, had an annual income and were members of a Christian church. |
| What were the legislature's two branches? | The legislature consisted of two branches: The lower house, to which the people elected delegates, and the upper house, or council, that was appointed by the Governor. |
| Why were the powers of the legislatures in Colonial Government limited? | The powers of the legislatures in Colonial government were limited and their acts were subject to review. |
| What was the first review? | They could do nothing contrary to the laws of England. |
| What was the second review? | Their actions and bills could be vetoed by the Governors. |
| What was the third review? | All laws passed by a colonial legislature and approved by a Governor, had to be sent to England to be examined by the King and could be vetoed by the King at any time within 3 years. (except for CT, RI, and MD who were self-governed Charter Companies). |
| What was the fourth review? | To avoid the Royal veto the legislatures would pass laws to run for just 2 years, and when that time expired would be re-enact them for 2 years more. |
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