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Chapter2 archaeology
tthe nature of history: the archaeologist
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| what is the bronze age | the period of time when people made tools and weapons using bronze |
| what is an excavation | when archaeologists dig up the ground to find evidence left by people in the past |
| whats an aerial photograph | a photograph taken of the ground from an elevated position, for example from a helicopter |
| what is a test trench | a sample hole dug to judge whether it is worth excavating the whole site |
| what is topsoil | the topmost, most recent layer of soil |
| what is radio-carbon dating | a method of dating based on the falling levels of carbon-14 in tissue over time |
| what does Mesolithic mean | of the middle stone age |
| who is a hunter-gatherer | someone who hunted animals for food and gathered berries and fruit |
| what is a geophysical survey | a survey of whats underneath the ground, like an x-ray of the ground |
| whats a passage tomb | a narrow passage with one or more burial chambers, made of large stones and covered in earth or stone |
| what does neolithic mean | of the new stone age. This is when the first farmers came to Ireland |
| what s a corbelled rooof | a domed roof, built by placing stone overlapping each other until they meet at the top |
| what is pollen analysis | the studying of pollen remains to tell archaeologists what was growing during the time period |
| what is stratigraphy | a method of dating artefacts and evidence by how deep in the ground they were when found |
| what is dendrochonolgy | a method of dating that uses the unique growth patterns of tree rings as a guide |
| what is the iron age | the period of time when people made tools and weapons using iron |
| what does conservation mean | when historic objects are protected and preserved so that they do not decay |
| steps to excavating a site | carry out a survey to see if the site is worth excavating, 2 dig test trenches to see whether its worth excavating the whole site, 3 reremove topsoil using a digger or pick axe, 4 dig carefullyto not damage anything, archaeologists use trowels and shovels |
| steps to excavating a site 2 | 5 use brushes to remove soil from any objects found, 6 use sieves to ensure nothing is thrown away, 7 record the position of every artefact found, 8 catalogue the details of each artefact on computers and in the xcavation's site book |
| steps to excavating a site 3 | put artefacts into separate labelled bags and send to lab |
| how can bodies and artefacts be naturally preserved | extreme heat, airless conditions, peat bogs |
Created by:
JMahango
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