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American History 21
Study guide for American History - Fall 2021
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is a major reason the American colonists of the 1600's chose to settle along the seacoast and rivers? | To carry out trade |
| Foundations of American Democracy | 1. Mayflower Compact 2. House of Burgesses 3. Albany Plan of Union 4. New England Town Meetings |
| Thomas Paine and Common Sense | Argued that the American colonists should break away from England, tried to convince the colonists to declare their independence |
| Impressments | The practice by which men were forced to serve as British sailors |
| Quote from the Declaration of Independence | We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable rights, that among these are life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness. That to secure these rights, governments are |
| Declaration of Independence | 1. The declaration is a social contract meant to guarantee individual rights. 2. It state that in a democracy power comes from the people |
| Shay's Rebellion | Exposed fundamental weaknesses in government under the Article of Confederation, the rebellion helped the Federalists argue for the need for a Constitution which would create a strong federal government |
| Anti-Federalists | Opposed ratification of the U.S. Constitution because it failed to include a Bill of Rights |
| 3/5ths Compromise | Related to slavery, each slave in the slave states could count as "three-fifths" of a person in respect of representation |
| Louisiana Purchase (1804) | When President Jefferson acquired the Louisiana Territory from France, he demonstrated the he had modified his belief that the Constitution should be strictly interpreted |
| Louisiana Purchase (1804) | It had great geographic significance for the U.S. because it focused the U.S. on western expansion |
| Manifest Destiny | First used as a support of westward expansion to the Pacific Ocean, also used in the Mexican-American War to justify the U.S. governments actions |
| Missouri Compromise (1820) | Provided that Missouri be admitted as a slave state, Main was admitted as a free state, all of the Louisiana territory north of 36º30'to be closed to slavery except Missouri |
| Trail of Tears | Forced expulsion of Native Americans from the eastern part of the United States |
| Compromise of 1850 | Addressed the addition of new areas to the Union (slave vs. free areas) |
| Economic Differences of the North & South prior to the Civil War | Transportation systems more developed in the North. The South was mare agriculturally-based while the North was more industrial-based. |
| Why did the South secede from the Union? | They seceded when Lincoln was elected |
| Lincoln's goal in the Civil War | Preserve the Union |
| Emancipation Proclamation | Declared that slaves in rebelling Southern states were free. Made the destruction of slavery a Northern war aim. Discouraged and interference from foreign governments |
| Why was the North worried about Great Britain during the Civil War? | The North feared that Great Britain might become an ally of the Confederacy |
| Reconstruction Period | Period after the Civil War where former slaves became citizens. Time where the Union was reconstructed, being brought back together. Also where the country rebuilt itself after the war |
| Reconstruction Goals | Heal wartime bitterness by quickly bringing the South back into the Union |
| Why was Lincoln not able to carry out his plan of Reconstruction? | He was assassinated a few days after Lee's surrender |
| President Andrew Johnson & the Reconstruction Period | After the Civil War, Andrew Johnson was the President in charge of Reconstruction. During this time, serious differences between Congress and President Johnson emerged. President Johnson was impeached as a result of these differences. |
| Result of the Civil War | Power of the central government was strengthened |
| Economic Impact of the Civil War | South was left embittered and devastated by the war. The South's factories, farms, railroads, and major cities were destroyed and lay in ruins. The South remained an agriculture-based society and the poorest section of the nation for many decades. |
| Black Codes | Following the Civil War, many Southern states enacted "Black Codes" to restrict the rights of formerly enslaved persons |
| Native Americans | After the Civil War, the way of life for Native Americans was different in that their country as they knew it was taken away, as well as their means of support. |
| Native Amerians | Western expansion broke up their mode of living, habits of life, and introduced new diseases among them |
| Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882 | An example of actions that reflected widespread nativist sentiment. Nativism = policy of favoring native inhabitants as opposed to immigrants |
| Homestead Act of 1862 | Provided free land to settlers, Contributed ot the development of the Great Plains |
| Transcontinental Railroad | Contributed to the development of the Great Plains |
| Rapid growth in cities caused? | Need for public services such as water and sewage. Shortage of housing facilities. Rise of slums and tenement houses |
| Tenements | Were first built in the nineteenth century to house the poor as cheaply as possible. |
| Progressivism | Progressives sought to use the government to help create a just society. It was a political response to industrialism and its social by products. |
| Progressivism | It differed from populism in that progressivism was more urban and enlisted more journalists, academics and social theorists |
| Muckrakers | Writer who exposed social conditions in need of reform |
| Seneca Falls Convention | Is often seen as the beginning of the Women's Rights Movement |
| Women's Suffrage Movement | Resulted in the passage of the 19th amendment in 1920. Was led by Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Susan B. Anthony before and fter the Civil War |
| Women's Suffrage Movement | Developed a Declaration of Women's Rights at the Seneca Falls Convention in New York. Was another reform movement established during the Jacksonian democracy |
| Battleship Maine | Because of the sinking of the Battleship Maine off the coast of Cuba, America became eager and willing to go to war against Spain.` |
| Initial reactions of Americans to World War 1? | They wanted insurance that U.S. would stay out of the conflict |
| Why did the United States enter WW1? | Wanted to make the world safe for democracy. To protect American lives and shipping. To uphold international law. |
| Who had great job opportunities during WW1 when they did not before the war? | African Americans and Women |
| Zimmerman Telegram | Proposed an alliance between Germany and Mexico to conquer the United States |
| Treaty of Versailles | France and Britain insisted on punishing Germany for the war. A League of Nations was created to prevent future wars and aggression. National boundaries were redrawn, creating many new nations. |
| League of Nations | Was objected to by Americans because United States' foreign policy decisions would be made by an international organization |
Created by:
ColMills
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