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DGIT: Dx & Tx
Gastrointestinal diagnosis and treatments.
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| antacids | neutralize the acids in the stomach |
| abdominal computed tomography (CT) | a radiographic procedure that produces a detailed cross-section of the tissue structure within the abdomen |
| abdominal ultrasound | a noninvasive test used to visualize internal organs by using very high frequency sound waves |
| cholangiography | a radiographic examination of the bile ducts with the use of a contrast medium |
| enema | the placement of a solution into the rectum and colon to empty the lower intestine through bowel activity |
| esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) | visual examination of the esophagus, stomach, and duodenum |
| upper GI series | series of radiographic images taken of the pharynx, esophagus, stomach, and duodenum after the contrast agent barium has been administered orally |
| stool sample | specimens of feces that are examined for content and characteristics |
| endoscope | an instrument used for visual examination of internal structures |
| anoscopy | the visual examination of the anal canal and lower rectum |
| capsule endoscopy | examination of the small intestine made by a tiny video camera placed in a capsule and then swallowed; images are transmitted to a waist-belt recorder and then downloaded onto a computer for assessment of possible abnormalities |
| colonoscopy | the direct visual examination of the inner surface of the entire colon from the rectum to the cecum |
| sigmoidoscopy | the endoscopic examination of the interior of the rectum, sigmoid colon, and possibly a portion of the descending colon |
| hemocult test | a lab test for hidden blood in the stools |
| Proton Pump Inhibitors (PPIs) | Decrease acid production in stomach. Used to tx GERD. |
| Antiemetic | a medication that is administered to prevent or relieve nausea and vomiting |
| Laxatives | medications or foods given to stimulate bowel movements |
| Intravenous Fluids (IV) | administered to combat the effects of dehydration |
| oral rehydration therapy (ORT) | Treatment (PO) in which a solution of electrolytes is administered in a liquid preparation to counteract the dehydration that can accompany severe diarrhea |
| Dental prophylaxis | the professional cleaning of the teeth to remove plaque and calculus |
| Gingivectomy | surgical removal of diseased gingival tissue |
| maxillofacial surgery | Surgical procedure related to the face and jaw. |
| palatoplasty | surgical repair of a cleft lip and/or palate |
| gastrectomy | surgical removal of part or all of the stomach |
| nasogastric intubation (NG tube) | the placement of a feeding tube through the nose and into the stomach |
| gastrostomy tube (G-tube) | a surgically placed feeding tube from the exterior of the body into the stomach |
| total parentral nutrition (TPN) | All of pt's nutritional requirements are met through specialized solution administered intravenously. |
| bariatric surgery | group of procedures that treat morbid obesity |
| gastric bypass surgery | surgically makes the stomach smaller and causes food to bypass the first part of the small intestine |
| lap-band adjustable gastric banding (LAGB) | procedure involves placing a band around the exterior of the stomach to restrict the amount of food that can enter |
| colectomy | surgical removal of all or part of the colon |
| diverticulectomy | the surgical removal of a diverticulum |
| gastroduodenostomy | The establishment of an anastomosis between the upper portion of the stomach and the duodenum. Tx of stomach cancer or to remove a malfunctioning pyloric valve. |
| anastomosis | a surgical connection between two hollow or tubular structures |
| ilectomy | the surgical removal of the ileum |
| ostomy | surgically create an opening |
| ileostomy | creation of an artificial opening into the ileum |
| colostomy | the surgical creation of an artificial excretory opening between the colon and the body surface |
| hemorrhoidectomy | surgical removal of hemorrhoids |
| proctopexy | the surgical fixation of a prolapsed rectum to an adjacent tissue or organ |
| hepatectomy | the surgical removal of all or part of the liver |
| liver transplant | an option for a patient whose liver has failed for a reason other than liver cancer |
| cholecystectomy | surgical removal of the gallbladder |
| NPO | nothing by mouth (nil per os) |
Created by:
jfoote
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