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DGIT: Pathology
Gastrointestinal pathologies.
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Bruxism | the involuntary grinding or clenching of the teeth that usually occurs during sleep and is associated with tension or stress |
| Dental caries | tooth decay or cavity |
| Dental plaque | forms as soft deposits in sheltered areas near the gums and between the teeth |
| Edentulous | without teeth |
| Hallitosis | bad breath |
| Gingivitis | inflammation of the gums |
| dysphagia | difficulty swallowing |
| GERD | the upward flow of acid from the stomach into the esophagus |
| Barrett's esophagus | a condition that occurs when the cells in the epithelial tissue of the esophagus are damaged by chronic acid exposure |
| pyrosis | heartburn |
| esophageal verices | swollen, varicose veins at the lower end of the esophagus |
| hiatal hernia | protrusion of a part of the stomach upward through the opening in the diaphragm |
| gastritis | inflammation of the lining of the stomach |
| Helicobacter pylori | Common bacterium causing gastritis |
| gastroenteritis | inflammation of the stomach and intestines |
| peptic ulcer | sores that affect the mucous membranes of the digestive system |
| gastric ulcer | ulcer in the stomach |
| duodenal ulcer | ulcer of the upper small intestine |
| perforating ulcer | ulcer erodes through the entire thickness of the organ wall |
| anorexia | loss of appetite |
| anorexia nervosa | eating disorder characterized by a false perception of body appearance |
| emaciated | abnormally thin |
| bulemia nervosa | Eating disorder characterized by binging (over-eating) and purging (throwing up) |
| cachexia | a condition of physical wasting away due to the loss of weight and muscle mass that occurs in patients with diseases such as advanced cancer or AIDS |
| pica | an abnormal craving or appetite for nonfood substances, such as dirt, paint, or clay that lasts for at least 1 month |
| dehydration | a condition in which fluid loss exceeds fluid intake and disrupts the body's normal electrolyte balance |
| malnutrition | a lack of proper food or nutrients in the body due to a shortage of food, poor eating habits, or the inability of the body to digest, absorb, and distribute these nutrients |
| malabsorption | a condition in which the small intestine cannot absorb nutrients from food that passes through it |
| obesity | excessive accumulation of fat in the body |
| morbid obesity | severe obesity, weighing two or more times ideal weight |
| BMI | number shows body weight adjusted for height |
| comorbidity | presence of two or more disorders in an individual at the same time |
| aerophagia | excessive swallowing of air while eating or drinking |
| dyspepsia | painful digestion |
| emesis | vomiting |
Created by:
jfoote
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