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French Revolution

QuestionAnswer
Absolute monarchy When a monarch (king or queen) has complete control of all aspects of the country including the right to increase taxes and sentence people to death.
Contractarians Philosophers who believe there should be a 'contract' between the monarch and the people of the country outlining the rights and responsibilities of both.
Political philosopher People who offer views and theories on questions of how politics and society should work.
Ancien régime Literally means 'old system'. In France this term referred to the old political system under which the king ruled the country.
Bourgeoisie French word for the middle-class or Third Estate.
Estates general The meeting of representatives of all three Estates to discuss the issue of taxation in France.
National Assembly The alternative meeting of the Third Estate when they left the Estates-General
The Bastille The Parisian prison stormed on 14 July 1798.
Sans-culottes Name given to the Parisian poor, tradesmen and workers who supported the revolution. Literally means `without trousers' as they did not wear the silk knee-length stockings fashionable among the rich.
National guard An armed force of the ordinary people of Paris headed by the Marquis de Lafayette.
Tricolore A flag with three colours. The French flag represents the bloc and rod of Paris and the white of the Bourbon (French) kings appears in the middle.
Republic A form of govemmcnt with an elected head of government rather than a monarch.
Legislative Assembly The French parliament established in 1791.
Constitutional Monarchy A form of government where there is a monarch but he/she has no political power.
Émigrés The name for the many French who fled France for other European countries out of fear for their lives.
September Massacres Over 1,000 people were executed in September 1792 on suspicion of not supporting the rcvolution.
Jacobins An important political party of radical politicians who believed it was necessary to execute anyone who opposed the rcvolution.
Committee of Public Safety A 12-man group creacted to remote anyone who they thought opposed the revolution.
Reign of Terror The period from 1793 to 1794 during which over 40,000 people were executed on suspicion of being enemies of the rcvolution.
The Directory A five-member group set up in 1794 to rule France.
Conscription When a government forces all able-bodied men of a certain age to join the army.
Created by: Donnacha1
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