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Social Psychology
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Social Psychology | The scientific study of how we think about, influence, and relate to one another. |
| Attribution Theory | The theory that we need to explain the behavior of others as an aspect of either an internal disposition (inner trait) or the situation. |
| Fundamental Attribution Error | The tendency to attribute the behavior of others to internal dispositions rather than to situations. |
| Self-serving bias | a readiness to perceive oneself favorably |
| Attitude | the belief and feeling that predisposes someone to respond in a particular way to objects, people, and events |
| Foot-in-the-door phenomenon | the tendency for people who first agreed to a small request to comply later with a larger request |
| Role | a set of expectations in a social setting that define how one ought to behave |
| Conformity | Adjusting behavior or thinking to coincide with a group standard |
| Obedience | The tendency to comply with orders, implied or real, from someone perceived as an authority. |
| Social Facilitation | Improved performance on tasks in the presence of others |
| Social Loafing | The tendency for people in a group to exert less effort than when working individually |
| Deindividuation | The loss of self-awareness and self-restraint occurring in group situations (e.g. yelling things during a sporting event or store lootings during a riot) |
| Group Polarization | Enhancement of a group's already-existing attitudes through discussion within the group (e.g. Political Parties or Terrorist organizations) |
| Groupthink | The mode of thinking that occurs when the desire for harmony in a decision-making group overrides a realistic appraisal of the alternative (e.g. Going along to get along, don't rock the boat, this is the way it has always been done.) |
| Self-fulfilling prophecies | When we believe something to be true about others (or ourselves) and we act in ways that cause this belief to come true |
| Foot-in-the-Door Phenomenon | Asking your parents for a small amount of money, then later asking them for a larger amount is an example of . . . |
| Fundamental Attribution Error | When your classmate asks to borrow your notes from class, you think they are too lazy to do it on their own. You fail to consider that they missed class yesterday. This is an example of . . . |
| Groupthink | You think there is an issue in how meetings are run for student council but everyone else thinks it is fine so you go along with it. This is an example of . . . |
| Social Loafing | When preparing a group speech, the majority of the work falls on only two members of the group and you do not put in as much effort. This is an example of . . . |
| Social Facilitation | A soccer team wins more games when they play at their home stadium. This is an example of . . . |
| Deindividuation | When attending a sporting event, you yell things at the other team that you would never yell if you were alone in the stands. This is an example of . . . |
| Conformity | When your classmates pack up their stuff and line up at the door at the end of class, you do the same. This is an example of . . . |
| Role | After high school you decide to go to college. Once you are in college you begin to act and feel like a college student. This is an example of . . . |
| Obedience | You always follow school rules by showing up to class on time and never skipping. This is an example of . . . |
| Group Polarization | You are a huge Harry Potter fan so you join a Harry Potter fan club. Your attitudes regarding Harry Potter and been reinforced and enhanced through the group's already-existing attitudes. |
| Self-fulfilling Prophecy | You think you are going to have a bad day so then you do. |
| Mere exposure effect | The phenomenon that repeated exposure to novel stimuli increases one's liking of them |
| bystander effect | the tendency for a person to be less likely to give aid if other people are present |
| prejudice | an unjustifiable (and usually negative) attitude toward a group and its members |
| discrimination | taking action against a group of people because of stereotyped beliefs and feelings of prejudice |
| ingroup | "Us" - people with whom we share a common identity |
| outgroup | "Them" - those perceived as different or apart from "us" |
| ingroup bias | the tendency to favor our own group |
Created by:
Abruns
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