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quiz 1- part II
| Question | Answer | Question | Answer |
|---|---|---|---|
| Romanesque Art | *France in the 12th Century A.D. *Characteristics: (1) Massive wals, round arches, dark interiors, barrel baulted nave (2) Dark and foreboding, absence of light and windows (3) Cross shape, apsed end **The term Romanesque refers to a broad range of s | Saint-Denis (12th and 13th century) | *a French royal monastery, started off the era of gothic arquitecture *in Mid 12th century *Abbot Suger decided to rebuild it in a different style. *Suger had a preoccupation with light |
| Pilgrimages | *In the 11th century A.D. it became customary for devout Christians to undertake pilgrimages to atone for their sins *Jerusalem and Rome were the 2 most sacred pilgamage sites *along the routes churches, hospices, and monasteries were constructed | Ribbed Vaults (Gothic) (12th and 13th century) | allowed for more light to be let into the church |
| Crusades | **a series of Military Campaigns from 1095 to the 15th century *the intention was to recover the Holy Land from the Muslims | Stained Glass (Gothic) (12th and 13th century) | **an architectural solution to light the light in that inspired Abbot Suger. **The dominant color of Gothic stained glass were blue and red |
| Sainte- Foy at Conques in France | *earliest surviving pilgrimage church, a romanesque piece of arquitecture St. Foy was a third century martyr known in english as Saint Faith *1050- 1140 A.D. *Community of Conques stole the body | Pointed Arches (Gothic) (12th and 13th century) | supported the ribbed vaults **can be thought of as the intersection of two arcs of nonconcentric circles |
| Tympanum | At Saint - Foy at Conques, the relief sculpture at the western portal is confined to the tympanum and the lintel. This sculpture was known as the Last Judgement. Christ is in the center surrounded by a mandorla, an oval of light | Flying Buttresses(gothic) (12th and 13th century) | In the Gothic Period, builders developed the flying buttresses , an exterior structure composed of thin half arches. |
| Last Judgment and Mandorla | St. Lazare at Autun 1130-1135 - In the Christianity, this is the day when all souls who ever lived are judged by god. A common theme in Romanesque churches. The scene is depicted in the tympanum of St. Lazare at Autun and Sainte-Foy at Conques (1130) | Chartres Cathedral (12th century) | **This cathedral combines the best-preserved early Gothic architecture and High Gothic |
| More on the Last Judgment...who are the other figures in it? | Christ is determining whether souls will go to heaven or hell. The figures on Christs right side are saints & churchmen. Above them are angels. His gestures direct viewer towards damned souls. | composition | the arrangement of formal elements in a work of art. |
| Gothic Art | *13th and 16th A.D. Started in France and extended to the rest of Europe. *lots of growth of cities and universities, Rise of Humanism, humane Gods, guilds, age of cathedrals | plane | A surface on which a straight line joining any two of its points lies on that surface; in general, a flat surface having a direction in space |
| **Gothic characteristics: | (1)cluster pies, stained glass, pointed arches (2) Dematerialized spaces, flying buttresses (3) Ribbed vaulting, rose windows, tracery (4) Color nd light let into church---different from Romanesque (5) Sculpture --increasingly realistic and less doll | Balance | a aesthetically pleasing equilibrium in the combination of the arrangement of elements. |
| Intensity | the degree of purity of a color, also known as chroma or saturaion | Perspective | the illusion of depth in a two-dimensional work of art |
| Order | *one of the architectural systems(Corinthian, Doric, Ionic) used by the Greeks and Romans to decorate and define the post-and-lintel system of construction | Value | the degree of lightness or darkness in a hue |
| Dome | A vaulted roof or ceiling erected on a circular base which may be envisaged as the result of rotating an arch 180 degrees about a central axis | Hue | a pure color with a specific wavelength. |
| Transept | a cross arm in a Christian church placed at right angles to the nave | Nave | in basilicas and churches, the long, narrow central area used to house the congregation |
| Sfumato | *the definition of form by delicate graditions of light and shadow. | Raphael | **1483-1520 **Painted "Madonna of the Gold Finch" 1505-1506 Italian Renaissance painter and architect Uses a triangular composition. Painted “Madonna of the Meadow” and “The School of Athens”. Embodied the Classical character of the High Renaiss |
| Mona Lisa | (1503-1506) **Oil on wood painting by Leonardo da Vinci. Also called La Gioconda (“the smiling one”). Features a pyramidal composition and contrasting perspectives in the foreground and background. Uses sfumato. |
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