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Ancient India

Study Guide for Chapter 5

vocabularyexplanation
India subcontinent of Asia south of China and north of the Indian Ocean
Indus and Ganges major rivers of the Indian subcontinent; Indus flows southwest into the Arabian Sea; Ganges flows southeast into the Bay of Bengal
dharma concept requiring a person to do their religious duty based on social status
karma concept of the force generated by a person's actions now that can affect how they'll be reborn in the next life
Vedas ancient Indian religious hymns, rituals, and stories passed down orally by Aryan priests before being written in Sanskrit
nirvana ultimate reality is the end of all suffering; an awareness of the end of self and the reunion with the Great World Soul
Silk Road a network of major trade routes between Europe and Asia that helped spread Buddhism to China
reincarnation rebirth of a person's soul in a different form after death
Siddhartha Gautama founder of Buddhism; the Buddha
Himalayas natural barrier between India and China; highest mountain range in the world
stupas buildings that held religious relics in ancient India
Sanskrit language from ancient India
caste system rigid social hierarchy of ancient India that determined a person's job and social status; it evolved from the four varnas that divided ancient Indian society
moksha release from the cycle of rebirth in Hinduism
Asoka (also spelled Ashoka) brutal Mauryan emperor who converted to Buddhism and improved the welfare of people in India
Golden Age a period of prosperity during the Gupta empire of ancient India
yoga training associated with Hinduism that can lead to oneness with Brahman
pilgrim a person who travels to a shrine or other holy place (like a stupa)
rigid unbending and inflexible
welfare something that aids or promotes well-being
Hinduism the major Indian religious system that honors many gods and includes beliefs in reincarnation, karma, and dharma
Buddhism a religious system started in India that seeks Nirvana by following the 4 Noble Truths and the Eightfold Path
emerge to rise from an obscure or inferior position or condition
process to move forward or change something into something else
Created by: user-1511476
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