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SS Vocab- Unit 3
Vocabulary terms for Unit 3 Social Studies.
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Proclamation 1763 | Created to stop conflict with the Native Americans, which meant that the Americans were not allowed to go to the west of the Appalachians. |
| The Quartering Act | Forced the natives to house and feed the British soldiers if there was no current war going on or there was no more room in barracks. |
| The Stamp Act | The first tax on American colonies. The taxes were put on any document, newspaper, or anything printed. They put stamps on these items once the tax had been paid. |
| The Townshend Acts | These acts helped pay the expenses for governing the colonies. Items like tea, glass, lead, and paint were taxed. |
| Boston Massacre | British soldiers shot into a crowd of Americans, killing 5 of them. Two of the nine soldiers were found guilty for manslaughter. |
| The Regulators (NC) | A group of North Carolinians that tried to oppose taxation, this argument led to a battle between colonial militia and the Regulators. |
| The Battle of Alamance (NC) | The final battle of the War of the Regulation, and resulted in some of the Regulators being hanged. |
| Tea Act | Act that reduced tax on imported British tea, gave the British a monopoly, and eventually led to the Boston Tea Party. |
| Boycott | When someone will refuse to buy something, as a way of protesting. Many colonists refused to buy taxed British goods. |
| Boston Tea Party | Protesting against the tea act where they dumped a bunch of tea into the Boston Harbor disguised as Native Americans. |
| Intolerable Acts | Acts passed by the parliament after the Boston Harbor, saying that Boston Harbor will be closed until all tea damage was repaired. Affected all of the colonies because they can’t get imported goods. |
| Lexington and Concord | 2 battles that were fought and started the revolutionary war. Battle sent many shockwaves throughout the world, as the farmers had defeated the British. |
| Minutemen | Local militia that fought against the British in the revolutionary war. They were named this because they could be prepared for a battle within a minute |
| 2nd Continental Congress | A meeting in 1775 that went over what to do after the battle of Lexington and Concord. They tried to keep peace with Britain and prevent future wars from happening. They signed the Olive Branch Petition. |
| Revolutionary War | War between Britain and American colonies, as the colonies won. George Washington led the Continental Army. |
| Loyalists | A division of people that supported Great Britain during the Revolutionary War. (Loyal to them), and about ⅓ of the population supported. |
| Patriots | People who supported the war against Britain. In rebellion against Britain's rule. |
| Mecklenburg Declaration of Independence (NC) | A group of colonial militia leaders that met up in Mecklenburg County, NC. They declared independence from the British 13 months before the Continental Congress. |
| Bunker Hill | A major battle in the American Revolution, Americans had the potential to win but it was hard to defeat the British. Americans ran out of ammunition so they had to withdraw. |
| Common Sense | It was a pamphlet made by Thomas Paine. It was about how colonists needed to realize their mistreatment from the British and needed their independence from England. |
| Thomas Paine | English-born political man. He promoted revolution, as this appealed to the American emotions. Author of "Common Sense". |
| Halifax Resolves | Given to the revolution adopted by North Carolina. Was the first official action by the Colonies calling for independence from Britain during the American Revolution. |
| Declaration of Independence | A document that declared the colonist’s freedom from England, separated the loyalists and patriots. Written by Thomas Jefferson, and approved on July 4th, 1776. |
| Mercenaries | A person that is hired to fight from a foreign country. George the third chose some Hessian soldiers to fight with the British against the Americans. |
| Battle of Saratoga | A battle that was the turning point in the war, and convinced France to aid the American cause. The British were surrounded by the Continental Army near Saratoga, and the British surrendered. |
| Valley Forge | A place where George Washington’s army spent a winter, instead of keep exploring. Many of his troops died from disease and lack of food. |
| Articles of Confederation | An agreement that gave rise to essential government, was ratified in 1781. Was the first constitution. |
| Battle of Yorktown | Was the final battle of the Revolutionary War, with the help of France. The British were so worn out that they surrendered, meaning that America had won the Revolutionary War. |
| John Adams | Prominent Boston lawyer that defended the British soldiers during the Boston Massacre. He was the vice president to George Washington and was the 2nd U.S. president. |
| Sam Adams | John Adams’ second cousin and was a political activist before the Revolutionary war. He also organized the first Committee of Correspondence for Boston. |
| Shay's Rebellion | A Massachusetts attempt to stop local courts from imprisoning debaters in 1786. |
| John Locke | An English philosopher and political theorist that wrote two treaties, that wanted to promote that all men have Natural Rights, which are known as life, liberty, and property. |
| The Enlightenment | An era that really focused on critical thinking and philosophy on how they would move forward in the future. It also influenced the Declaration of Independence and the Constitution. |
| Preamble | An introduction to the Constitution- basically what the purpose of the document is and what it will be about. |
| Constitution | A framework for our government, it was created as a flexible document that can change anytime as it is still living today. It tells us the structure of our government. |
| Executive Branch | Consists of president, vice president, and other officials. They command the military and represents the nation internationally. This branch enforces federal and state laws. |
| President | Enforces all laws. Has to be a natural citizen and must be at least 35 years old. Can’t serve as present for more than two 4 year terms. |
| Cabinet | A group of presidential advisors, made up of the leaders in each executive department. |
| Vice President | To succeed the presidency if anything happens to the president. He/she also is considered a tiebreaker for the supreme court. |
| Impeach | Putting an official on trial for misconducting in office. |
| Legislative Branch | Branch that makes laws. Has two houses- senate and house of representatives. |
| 3/5th's Compromise | A compromise that said a slave should be counted as ⅗ of a free person. It was used to count the population. |
| The Great Compromise | Made by the constitutional convention, saying that the states would have equal representation (2 per state) for the house of legislature. The other house, the house of representatives, is based on population. |
| Bicameral | Congress is split into two houses or two chambers. Senate and house of representatives. |
| Senate | Upper house of the U.S. , 100 total senators with 2 per state. |
| House of Representatives | Lower house of congress, based on population. 435 total members, the members are elected every 2 years. |
| Judicial Branch | A branch of government that interprets laws. They also punish lawbreakers (supreme court). |
| Checks and Balances | To help the new nation become more balanced throughout the 3 branches, all branches must agree with one another. A system that allows each branch to limit powers of other branches, and no branch may govern alone. |
| Bill of Rights | Serves the first 10 amendments, as it was added before being ratified by the new states. It basically guarantees basic rights for all citizens of America. |
| Federalists | A political party that liked the government that was from the constitution. They wanted a strong central government. |
| Alexander Hamilton | Author of federalist papers and champion of the constitution. He helped find the first national bank, and was shot and killed by the vice president in 1804. |
| Anti-Federalists | A political party that did not like the ratification of the constitution. They feared a strong central government. |
| Thomas Jefferson | Ambassador to France and a very strong anti-federalist. He was also the 3rd president of the United States. |
| Congress | The legislative branch of the federal government, it represents the American people and makes laws. |
| George Washington | First president of the U.S. and set any examples for future presidents. He enforced the whiskey rebellion and managed the first presidential cabinet. He didn't want a monarchial style of rule so he used his power carefully. |
| Whiskey Rebellion | Refusal by western farmers to pay taxes on whiskey, seeing if the Federal Government would enforce the law. George Washington used his army to force them to pay their taxes. |
| Alien and Sedition Acts | Passed under President Adams’ term, and was passed to limit the criticism of the government. |
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