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SS8 Civil Rights
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Louis Armstrong | Considered one of the most influential artists in jazz history |
| Cesar Chavez | founder of the United Farm Works Organizing Committee (UFWOC) |
| W.E.B. DuBois | African american writer who was also the founder of the NAACP |
| Martin Luther King Jr. | The leader of the civil rights movement (Southern Christian Leadership Conference). He gave his "I Have a Dream" speech during the March on Washington. |
| Thurgood Marshall | American civil rights lawyer, first black justice on the Supreme Court of the United States; successfully fought segregation in Brown vs. Board of Education |
| Rosa Parks | The woman who was arrested for refusing to give up her seat in the front of the bus to a white man, which started the Montgomery Bus Boycott |
| Jackie Robinson | The first African American to play Major League Baseball. He was the first man to integrate sports. Later on, black music and actors became popular, because of his success. |
| Booker T. Washington | Educator and founder of the Tuskegee Institute. |
| Malcolm X | Civil rights activist who was a leader of the Black Muslim community |
| Civil disobedience | Peaceful protest to reach the goal of equal rights (sit ins) |
| CORE | Congress of Racial Equality |
| Little Rock "9" | 1st group of black students who were able to attend an all white school in Little Rock, Arkansas because President Eisenhower used the military to enforce the Brown v. Board of Education decision. (fight between national and state government) |
| NAACP | the first major civil rights organization |
| poll tax | A tax imposed on AA which made it nearly impossible for them to vote. The 24th amendment eventually outlawed this tax |
| lunch counter sit ins | AAs could not sit at the same front counter in restaurants as white people. To protest, black & white people would sit at the counter. They would get yelled at & food would be thrown on them. black people could sit where ever they wanted as a result |
| 14th amendment | granted citizenship to AA |
| Civil Rights Act of 1964 | A federal law that gave many rights to minorities, such as ending segregation, extending voting rights, and ended hiring (job) discrimination |
| voting rights act of 1965 | made literacy tests illegal |
| The March on Washington | On August 28, 1963, over 200,000 people gathered for a political rally for jobs and freedom. Martin Luther King gave his famous "I Have a Dream" speech. |
| "I Have a Dream" speech | A speech given by Martin Luther King, Jr. at the March on Washington. It was an event related to the civil rights movement of the 1960's to unify citizens in accepting diversity and eliminating discrimination against African |
| literacy tests | having to pass a test in order to vote (most AA could not pass) |
| nation of Islam | led by Malcolm X, wanted separation of blacks and whites |
| NOW | National organization of women |
| Plessy V. Ferguson Supreme court case | Supreme court decision that said that public places must be racially segregated, and that the segregated places must be of equal status |
| Brown v. Board of Education, Topeka, KS, 1954 | Supreme Court ruling reversing the policy of segregation from Plessy v Ferguson, declaring that separate can never be equal and a year later ordered the integration of all public schools with all deliberate speed |
| Montgomery Bus Boycott, 1955 | In 1955, after Rosa Parks was arrested for refusing to give up her seat on a city bus, Dr. Martin L. King led a boycott of city busses. After 11 months the Supreme Court ruled that segregation of public transportation was illegal. |
| equal protection of the law | a phrase in the 14th amendment requiring that states guarantee the same rights, privileges, and protections to all citizens |
| SCLC | Southern Christian Leadership Conference |
| Protest in Birmingham | Racially divided city during the Civil Rights Movement |
| assimilation | the process whereby a minority group gradually adapts to the customs of the prevailing culture and customs (ex. to become more like white America) |
| integration | the bringing together of all races |
| Segregation | a separation of people based on race or culture |
| sncc | student nonviolent coordinating committee |
| Great Society | Lyndon Johnson's program to end poverty and racial injustice |
| Betty Frieden | journalist who wrote about the Feminist Movement |
Created by:
PRO Teacher
MrsWalsh
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