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MTTC - Elementary Ed
U.S. Government
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| The 6 basic principles of the Constitution | Popular Sovereignty, limited government, separation of powers, checks and balances, judicial review, and federalism |
| where the people establish government & give power to it; the government can function only with the consent of the people | popular sovereignty |
| the Constitution specifies limits on government authority, and no official or entity is above the law | limited government |
| power is divided among 3 government branches: legislative, judicial, and executive branches | separation of powers |
| Congress is under which branch of government? | legislative branch |
| The President is under which branch of government? | executive branch |
| The federal courts are under which branch of government? | judicial branch |
| this is a system that enforces the separation of powers and ensures that each branch has the authority and ability to restrain the powers of the other 2 branches (this prevents tyranny) | checks and balances |
| judges in the federal courts ensure that no act of government is in violation of the Constitution; if an act is unconstitutional, the judicial branch has the power to nullify it | judicial review |
| this is the division of power between the central and local governments; this limits the power of the federal government and allows states to deal with local problems | federalism |
| based on the rule of local lords who are loyal to the kind and control the lives and production of those who work on their land | feudalism |
| this form is a representative democracy; small groups of elected leaders represent the interests of the electorate | classical republic |
| a king or queen has complete control of the military and government | absolute monarchy |
| an individual or group has unlimited authority; there is no system in place to restrain the power of the government | authoritarianism |
| those in power are not held responsible to the people; people don't have a say | dictatorship |
| this is rules by one person (despot), not necessarily a monarch who uses power tyrannically | autocracy |
| a small, usually self-appointed elite rules the region | oligarchy |
| this is a government based on the rule of the people that protects individual rights and freedoms from any intolerance by the majority | liberal democracy |
| all facets of the citizens' lives are controlled by the government | totaltarianism |
| Ancient Greek philosophers _________ and _____ believed political science would lead to order in political matters, and that this scientifically organized order would create stable, just societies | Aristotle, Plato |
| adapted the ideas of Aristotle into Christian perspective; stated that individuals should have certain rights, but also certain duties, and that these rights and duties should determine the type of government rule | Thomas Aquinas |
| author of "The Prince"; was a proponent of politics based solely on power | Niccolo Machiavelli |
| in this system, the government involves a legislature and a variety of political parties; the head of government, usually the Prime Minister, is typically the head of the dominant party; a head of state can be elected | parliamentary system |
| in this system of government, the people elect their government representatives | democratic system |
| Greek word that means "for the rule of the people" | democracy |
| this kind of democracy where each issue or election is decided by a vote where each individual is counted separately | direct democracy |
| this kind of democracy employs a legislature that vote on issues that affect large number of people whom the legislative members represent | indirect democracy |
| The US is a ____________ ________ _________. | presidential indirect democracy |
| this was based on principles established by the Magna Carta in 1215, the 1688 English Bill of Rights , and the 1776 Virginia Bill of Rights; in 1791, the federal governments added 10 amendments to the Constitution | The United States Bill of Rights |
| So far, there have only been __ amendments added to the federal Constitution | 27 |
| The ________ __ ______ in the federal government system is as follows: national, concurrent, and state levels | division of powers |
| this level can coin money, regulate interstate and foreign trade, raise and maintain armed forces, declare war, govern US territories and admit new states and conduct foreign relations | national level |
| this level can levy and collect taxes, borrow money, establish courts, define crimes and set punishments, and claim private properties for public use | concurrent level |
| this level can regulate trade and business within the state, establish public schools, pass license requirements for professionals, regulate alcoholic beverages, conduct elections, and establish local governments | state level |
| There are 3 types of _________ ______ granted by the Constitution: expressed or enumerated powers, implied powers, and inherent powers | delegated powers |
| powers that are specifically spelled out in the Constitution | expressed/enumerated powers |
| powers that are not expressly stated, but are reasonably suggested by the expressed powers | implied powers |
| powers that aren't expressed by the Constitution but ones that national governments have historically possessed. such as granting diplomatic recognition | Inherent powers |
| powers that aren't granted to the national government, but not denied to the states | reserved powers |
| powers that are reserved to the national government, including concurrent powers | exclusive powers |
| In the early 1800s, states to began to eliminate ________ _________ and ___ _______ ______________. | property ownership, tax payment qualifications |
| By 1810, there were no more _________ _____ for voting. | religious tests |
| The 15th amendment protected citizens from being denied the right to vote based on their ____ or ______. | race, color |
| In 1920, the _____ _________ prohibited the denial of the right to vote because of gender | 19th amendment |
| The ____ __________ added the voters of the District of Columbia to the presidential electoral and eliminated the poll tac as a condition for voting in federal elections | 23rd amendment |
| This prohibited the disenfranchisement through literacy tests and various other means of discrimination | The Voting Rights Act of 1965 |
| In 1971, the ____ _________ set the minimum voting age to 18 years of age | 26th amendment |
| 1803; Supreme Court case where the ruling established judicial review as a power of the Supreme Court | Marbury v. Madison |
| 1857; Supreme Court case where the decision upheld property rights over human rights in the case of a slave who had been transported to a free state by his master, but was still considered a slave | Dred Scott v. Sandford |
| 1954; Supreme Court case where the Court ruled that segregation was a violation of the Equal Protection Clause and that the "separate but equal" practice in education was unconstitutional | Brown v. Board of Education |
| 1966; this ruling made the reading of Miranda rights to those arrested for crimes the law; ensured that confessions could not be illegally obtained and that citizen rights to fair trials and protection under the law would be upheld | Miranda v. Arizona |
| made by Abraham Lincoln on November 19th, 1863; dedicated the battleground's cemetery | Gettysburg Address |
| made by Woodrow Wilson on January 18th, 1918; this outlined Wilson's plans for peace and the League of Nations | Fourteen Points |
| made by Franklin Roosevelt on December 8th, 1941; declared war on Japan and described the attack on Pear Harbor as "a day which will live in infamy" | Address to Congress |
| made by John F. Kennedy on January 20th, 1961; contained the famous line "Ask not what your country can do for you, ask what you can do for your country" | Inaugural Address |
| made by John F. Kennedy on June 26th, 1963; contained the famous line " Ich bin ein Berliner" which expressed empathy for West Berliners in their conflict with the Soviet Union | Berlin Address |
| these two were made by Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. on August 28th, 1963 and April 3rd, 1968, respectively, these speeches were hallmarks of the Civil Rights Movement | "I Have a Dream" & "I See the Promised Land" |
| made by Ronald Reagan on June 12th, 1987; this speech was about the Berlin Wall and the end of the Cold War; contained the famous line "tear down this wall" | Brandenburg Gate Speech |
| a means for members of a political party to participate in the selection of a candidate from their party to compete against the other party's candidate in a general election | direct primary system |
| a party nominating election where only one declared party members can vote; currently 26 states and DC use this system | closed primary |
| a party nominating selection where any qualified voter can partake; voter votes at a public polling place about which primary to participate in, and the choice doesn't depend on any registration or previous choices | open primary |
| allowed voters to vote in the primaries of both parties; was used at various times by 3 states; the Supreme Court ruled against this practice in 2000 | blanket primary |
| The 4 types of federal taxes | income tax on individuals, income taxes on corporations, excise taxes, and customs duties |
| income taxes a part of a complex system because of demands for various exemptions/rates; the schedule of rates can be lowered to raised according to economic conditions in order to stimulate or restrain economic activity | income tax on individuals |
| income taxes that are the same complexity of exemptions and rates for individuals; can be raised or lowered according to the need to stimulate or restrain the economy | income taxes on corporations |
| taxes on specific goods (i.e. tobacco, liquor, automobiles, gas, air travel, etc.) | excise taxes |
| taxes imposed on imported goods; serve to regulate trade between the US and other countries | customs duties |
| The Constitution of 1787 gave the US Congress the central authority to _____ or ____ _____ and to regulate its value. | print , coin money |
| The currency system is based on a ________ ____ ______. | modified gold standard |
| The __________ ___ __ ____ established the following entities to combat unemployment: The Council of Economic Advisers, the Economic Report of the President, and the Joint Economic Committee | Employment Act of 1946 |
| this is composed of a chair and 2 other members appointed by the President and approved by the Senate; assists the President with the development & implementation of US economic policy; located in the Executive Office; forecast economic trends | Council of Economic Advisers |
| this is presented every January by the President to Congress; the report recommends a program for maximizing employment and may also recommend legislation | Economic Report of the President |
| this is a committee composed of 10 members of the House and 10 members of the Senate that makes a report early each year on its continuous study of the economy; study is conducted through hearings and research | Joint Economic Committee |
| aka a congressional system; the legislative branch and the executive branches are elected separately from one another | presidential system |
| an organization that advocates a particular ideology and seeks to gain power within government | political party |
| party system where only one political party holds power | single-party system |
| party system that allows for multiple parties in opposition of one another; however, the dominant party is the only party considered to have true power | dominant-party system |
| party system where there are 2 dominant political parties (example: the US) | two-party system |
| founded in 1792; began as a conservative party in the mid-1800s, shifting to the left during the 1900s; symbol is the donkey | Democratic Party |
| the official organization of the Democratic Party; develops and promotes the party's platform and coordinates fundraising and election strategies | Democratic National Committee |
| often referred to as the GOP; considered socially conservative and economically nonliberal relative to the Democratic Party; official symbol is the elephant | Republican Party |
| the official organization of the Republican Party; develops and promotes the party's platform and coordinates fundraising and election strategies | Republican National Committee |
| _____________ _________ are every 2 years. | Congressional elections |
| Members of the _____ __ _______________ are elected for a 2 year term and elections occur every 2 years on the first Tuesday after November 1st in even years; a representative is elected from each of 435 House districts in the US | House of Representatives |
| Members of the ______ are elected to 6 year terms; 1/3 of this group is elected every 2 years by the electoral of states | Senate |
| The country is divided by _____________ _________ and critics argue that this division eliminates voter choice, sometimes creating areas where Congressional races are uncontested | congressional districts |
| every 10 years, _____________ of Congressional districts occurs | redistricting |
| _____ ___________ are elections that are regulated by state laws and constitutions | state elections |
| this represents the collective attitudes of individual members of the adult population in the US; includes public relation efforts, political media, and the mass media; often measured/evaluated using survey sampling | public opinion |
Created by:
jmeeker
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