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SFDS Chapter 7 1+2

SFDS Chapter 7 Sections 1 and 2 Aof C

Key ItemDefinition
Compromise Agreement betwen two or more sides in which each side gives up something of what it wants.
William Paterson Introduced the New Jersey plan to the Constitutional Convention in response to the Virginia Plan.
Roger Sherman From Connecticut and suggested the Great Compromise to combine the Virginia Plan and the New Jersey Plan.
The Great Compromise Suggested by Roger Sherman of Connecticut. Proposed a bicameral legislature where the Upper House is based on equal representation and the Lower House is proportional to the population of the state.
Constitution A plan of government.
Bicameral Two house legislature.
Petition A formal request.
Republic A government in which people are represented by elected representatives.
Ordinance A law or regulation.
Northwest Ordinance Created a single Northwest Territory and was passed in 1787. Divided into three to five smaller states. Population reaches 60,000 they may petition for statehood. Also banned slavery and had a bill of rights for the settlers.
Three Fifths Compromise Used to settle the representation and taxation debate in the south. Each slave will count as three fifths a free person. Every five slaves will count as three free people so there are more representatives and more taxes.
Bill of Rights George Mason of Virginia wrote it to the included in the Constitution. They didn't use it because they believed that the Constitution provided protection of individual rights.
John Jay John Jay was sent by the Confederation Congress to handle the issues that America was having with Spain. Spain had cut off American use of the Mississippi River. No agreement could be made. Showed the ineffectiveness of the Confederation government.
John Adams Adams was sent by the Confederation government to handle issues with Britain. They still had not removed troops. No agreement was reached because both sides felt the treaty was being violated. Showed the ineffectiveness of the Confederation Government.
Articles of Confederation America's first constitution. Congress had the power to conduct foreign affairs, maintain armed forces, borrow money and issue currency. Did not have the power to regulate trade, force citizens to join the army or impose taxes.
depreciate To fall in value.
manumission The freeing of individual enslaved persons.
Alexander Hamilton Proposed, along with James Madison, that state leaders meet in Philadelphia to discuss trade regulations and issues with the Articles of Confederation. However the convention ended up creating an entirely new government.
Slavery The North and South began debating about slavery at this time. The north had begun to make laws prohibiting slavery in the North and did not want it to expand to new land. The South on the other hand left that its economy needed slavery to survive.
Shays' Rebellion Famers in Massachusetts wanted the government to issue more money and make new policies to relieve debt. Farmers gathered at a courthouse to ensure no more farms were confiscated. The militia is called in. Demonstrates Articles weakness.
depression A period of low economic activity and widespread unemployment.
Daniel Shays A former Continental Army officer who lead the rebellion in Massachusetts. His actions demonstrated the need for a stronger federal government.
James Madison Proposed the Constitutional Convention. While there took careful notes that were the major source of information about the Convention's work. Was the author of the basic plan of government the Congress adopted. Father of the Constitution.
Ordinance of 1785 Established a procedure for surveying and selling the western lands north of the Ohio River. Divided the territory into townships 6 miles long and 6 miles wide. Then divided it into 36 sections of 640 acres. Land sold for $1 an acre.
Robert Morris Income tax The nation was facing a large debt after the war. Robert Morris proposed a tax on imported goods to pay off the debt. The states did not ratfiy the tax both times it was brought up to Congress. Stressed the importance of Congress being able to tax.
Constitutional Convention Proposed by Madison and Hamilton. May 1787 in Philadelphia. 55 delegates. Were supposed to discuss trade regulations and other issues but then created a whole new plan of government. Meeting were kept secret.
Proportional To be the same as or corresponding in size to population amount. Refers to representation in Congress.
Created by: Mrs. Hastings
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