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Mesopotamia
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Amorites establish ----------------- as their capital city around 2,000 BCE | Babylon |
| was their most powerful and influential king. | Hammurabi |
| Babylon society was very complex, so a legal system called ---------------------- was created to settle every dispute. | Hammurabi’s Code |
| specific laws | 282 |
| Established that people would be held ----------- for actions | responsible |
| Established that government had a responsibility for what happened in society | society |
| --------- were one of the most powerful traders along the Mediterranean Sea around 1100 BCE. | Phoenicians |
| Around 900 BCE, Phoenicians developed a 22 symbol ---------(eventually used by Greeks, Romans, and us today!) | alphabet |
| -------- were one of the smallest groups that lived in the ancient Fertile Crescent | Jews |
| Ideas based on legal code received from Moses to God called the ------ -------------------------------- | Ten Commandments. |
| Lived in ancient ---------- and traded regularly with the Phoenicians | Israel |
| First group to be --------------- (belief in one god) | monotheistic |
| The shift to the ------------- happened around 1000 BCE and allowed groups like the Hittites to dominated Asia Minor. | Iron Age |
| Iron is --------- than bronze (an iron sword destroys a bronze shield), and is --------- to find. | harder , easier |
| ---------- Empire conquered most of Mesopotamia around 700 BCE due to adoption of ----- weapons | Assyrian , Iron |
| Known for being the most disciplined and effective army to date; ruled out of | fear |
| Very --------- government established around 550 BCE by Persian King --------- | tolerant , Cyrus |
| Conquered all of Fertile Crescent and most of ------- ------------- | Asia Minor |
| Left local customs ------ when a city was conquered (no looting, no destruction of temples or buildings) | alone |
| Connected and --------- the people | united |
| "------------------- " connected the land | Royal Road |
| Eventually replaced by--------- around 522 BCE who ruled with ------------- power | Darius , absolute |
| Standard coinage allowed all Persians to conduct -------- | business |
| Launched the Persian Wars against the ------ around 490 BCE. | Greeks |
| What is Ancient Mesopotamia sometimes called? | Fertile Crescent |
| What was the first known piece of literature? | Epic of Gilgamesh |
| The Jews were one of the smallest groups that lived in the Fertile Crescent. They believed in only one god, which is ? | Monotheism |
| What legal system was used in Babylonian society to settle disputes? | Code of Hammurabi |
| What. form of government was first used by the Sumerians? | A monarchy with a king who ruled a city-state. |
| Which two rivers run on either side of Mesopotamia? | Tigris and Euphrates |
| The first system of writing was wedge-shaped symbols known as the _______. This system of writing was mostly used for record keeping. | cuneiform |
| Existed around ---- BCE was home to many different civilizations | 3000 |
| Also called the "-----------------------" | “Fertile Crescent” |
| Spanned land between the ------ an ----------- Rivers west to the Mediterranean Sea. | Tigris , Euphrates |
| One of the first civilizations to emerge was ----- | Sumer |
| Growth of population and ----- | trade |
| End to ---------- farming. Workers specialize in crafts. | subsistence |
| Farmers grow more than---------- , trade the rest, and others focus on other trades (woodworking, metallurgy) | needed |
| A system of writing and ----------------- | record keeping |
| Used --------, which was a system of writing with wedge-shaped symbols | Cuneiform |
| First known piece of literature, the Epic of ------------, written in 2700 BCE. | Gilgamesh |
| Used tablets made of hardened ----- | clay |
| Story of a king named Gilgamesh who interacts with his gods and people | interacts |
| Advanced ----------- that allowed them to survive | technology |
| Used ----------- for weapons/tools | bronze |
| Sumerians invented the -------- , plow, and sailboat | wheel |
| A functioning -------- | government |
| Modified environment to live in the challenging --------------------- | Fertile Crescent |
| Created ------------ trade network to get stone, wood, etc. | extensive |
| Built city walls to prevent ------------ | raids |
| Built irrigation -------- to control flooding | ditches |
| Practiced ------------- , or a belief in many gods | polytheism |
| Worshiped in a temple called a ----------- | ziggurat |
| Government was a monarchy, established by strong --------------- | warriors |
| Sumerian cities (Ur, Uruk, Akkad) were toppled by the ---------, a group of nomadic raiders around --------BCE | Amorites, 2,000 |
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