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Chapter 1
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Sovereignty | the absolute power within its own territory to decide policies whether domestic or foreign. |
| Government | A political organization to make and enforce policies. |
| Force theory | an individual or group claims control over a territory and forces the population to submit. They make the nation sovereign and form the government. |
| Evolutionary theory | Formed from the primitive families like the royal family. Heads of the families form the government. They settled in one territory and claimed it as their own. |
| Divine Right theory | God created the state, making it sovereign. Made up those chose by God who become the government. Population must obey them and adopt force theory motives. |
| Social Contract theory | People are chosen and elected to rule the country and their power is given to them by the people as they deem fit to protect the people’s wellbeing. |
| Direct democracy | The people pass laws by discussing and voting on them in meetings like town meetings. It only works in small communities. |
| Indirect democracy | The people elect agents who make and carry out the laws. They rule with the consent of the governed and can be removed by the people at election time. |
| Constitutional monarchy | Most power lies with the parliament who are elected by the people. The queen is the head of the state, and the prime minister is the head of the government. |
| Constitution based federal republic | The president and members are elected by the people and the president is both the head of government and chief of state. |
| Autocracy | One person holds total political power. |
| Oligarchy | A small elite group holds political power. |
| Dictatorship | one person or a small group possesses absolute power without effective constitutional limitations |
| Unitary Government | All power belongs to central; government which may grant some power to local government. The powers of the central government can be limited or unlimited. |
| Federal government | Power is divided between central and local governments according to the constitution e.g., the U.S. |
| Confederate government | An alliance of independent governments that grant limited powers usually involving defense or foreign affairs to a central government. It doesn’t work seeing as local government has more power than the central government. |
| Presidential government | Divides executive and legislative power between 2 branches. The details for power separation are in the constitution. |
| Parliamentary government | Legislative chooses executive and controls it. |
| Capitalism | Economic system on private ownership profit competition and individual initiative. Individuals can make whatever they want. Government regulates many economic activities and provide social services to promote competition and public welfare. |
Created by:
Demimajek
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