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Chapter 1 flashcards
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Sovereignty | the absolute power within its own territory to decide domestic and foreign policy |
| Government | political organizations made to make and enforce its policies. |
| Evolutionary theory | a population formed out of primitive families, the heads of these families became the government, they become sovereign when they claim a territory |
| Divine right theory | says that god created the state, making it sovereign, those chosen by god rule the territory. |
| Social Contract theory | developed by philosophers, the people chose to give the state enough power to promote the well-being of everyone. |
| Direct(pure) Democracy | the people pass laws by discussing and voting on them in meetings such as town meetings. |
| indirect(representative) Democracy | the people elect agents who make and carry out the laws. |
| Constitutional Democracy | most power lies with the parliament, which is elected by the people. The queen is the head of state, while the head of government is the prime minister. |
| Autocracy | one person holds total political power. |
| Oligarchy | a small elite group shares political power. |
| Unitary Government | all power belongs to the central government which may grant some powers to local governments. Power may be limited or unlimited. |
| Federal Government | power is divided between a central government and several local governments, usually according to a constitution. |
| Confederate Government | an alliance of independent governments that grant limited powers, usually defense of foreign affairs, to a central government. |
| Presidential Government | divides executive and legislative power between two branches, details of separation of power is spelled out in a constitution. |
| Parliamentary | the legislature chooses the executive, which is part of the legislature and under its control. Prime Minister is the head of the leading party in parliament. |
| Citizenship Duties | serving on a jury, serving as a witness, paying taxes, obeying laws, draft registration, attending school |
| Citizenship responsibilities | voting, volunteering, participating in civic life, understanding the government |
| Ordered Government | local government divided into units |
| Limited Government | individual citizens have basic rights, limits on government power |
| Representative Government | government should serve the will of the people, the people should have a say in what the government does |
| The Magna Carta | Signed by king john in 1215, created by English barons to put limits on the once absolute power of the king. |
| The petition of rights | signed by king Charles in 1628, banned the king from imprisoning or punishing people without following the law first. Kept the king from declaring military rule in times of peace, required consent of parliament for taxation. |
| English bill of rights | drawn up by parliament in 1689, required consent of parliament for taxation and suspension of laws, promised the right to a fair trial |
| Royal Colonies | Colonies directly controlled by the king |
| Proprietary colonies | Colonies run by a proprietor appointed by the king |
| Charter colonies | Colonies run by elected legislatures and were the most independant |
Created by:
pearsallm
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