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APHUG-Unit 1 Vocab
APHUG- Unit 1 Vocab
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Abiotic System | A system composed of nonliving/inorganic matter |
| Absolute Location | The EXACT location on earth’s surface told through coordinates |
| Acculturation | The process of changes in culture that result from the meeting of two groups, each of which retains distinct culture features. |
| Assimilation | The process by which a group’s cultural features are altered to resemble those of another more dominant group. |
| Atmosphere | The thin layer of gases surrounding Earth. |
| Behavioral geography | The study of the psychological/cultural basis for individual human actions in space |
| Biotic System | A system composed of living organisms |
| Biosphere | All living organisms on Earth, including plants and animals, as well as microorganisms |
| Cartogram | Maps using relative size of political units to convey a value |
| Cartography | The science of making maps |
| Choropleth Map | Maps in which a specific variable is depicted with shading, patterns, or colors |
| Climate | The long-term average weather condition at a particular location |
| Conservation | The sustainable management of a natural resource |
| Contagious Diffusion | The rapid, widespread diffusion of a feature or trend throughout a population |
| Cultural Diffusion | The spread of a culture or trait through contact between different groups of people |
| Cultural Landscape | An approach to geography that emphasizes the relationships among social and physical phenomena in a particular area of study |
| Culture | The body of customary beliefs, social forms, and material traits that together constitute a group’s distinct tradition |
| Culture Hearth | The region from which innovative ideas originate |
| Distance Decay | The diminished importance and eventual disappearance of a phenomenon with increasing distance from its origin |
| Dot Map | A thematic map in which a dot represents some frequency/occurrence of the mapped variable |
| Earth’s Physical Systems | The physical systems of atmosphere, lithosphere, biosphere, and hydrosphere that make up our planet |
| Economic Interdependence | The “tying up” of global economies where an economic boom or bust is felt on a global scale |
| Environmental Degradation | The deterioration of the environment through the depletion of resources such as quality of air, water, and soil |
| Environmental Determinism | A 19th and early 20th century approach to the study of geography which argued that the physical environment caused human activities |
| Expansion Diffusion | The spread of a feature or trend among people from one area to another in an additive process |
| Formal Region | An area in which everyone shares in common one or more distinctive characteristics. |
| Functional Region (Nodal) | An area organized around a node or focal point |
| Geographic Information Science (GIScience) | The development and analysis of data about Earth acquired through satellite and other electronic information technologies. |
| Geographic Information Systems (GIS) | A computer system that stores, organizes, analyzes, and displays geographic data |
| Geography | The study of the physical features of the earth and its atmosphere, and of human activity as it affects and is affected by these, including the distribution of populations and resources, land use, and industries. |
| Globalization | Actions or processes that involve the entire world and result in making something worldwide in scope |
| Global Positioning System (GPS) | A system that determines the precise position of something on Earth through a series of satellites, tracking stations, and receivers |
| Graphic Scale | This scale consists of a bar marked on the map to show equivalent distance on the Earth’s surface. |
| Hierarchical Diffusion | The spread of a feature or trend from one key person or node of authority or power to other persons or places |
| Human Geography | The branch of geography dealing with how human activity affects or is influenced by the earth's surface. |
| Human-Environment Interaction | The interaction between human beings and the natural world |
| Hydrosphere | All of the water on and near Earth’s surface |
| Isoline Map | A map that uses lines of equal value to represent data |
| Large scale map | This map is one in which a small, given part of the Earth is represented by a large area on the map. They show more detail. |
| Latitude | The numbering system used to indicate the location of parallels drawn on a globe and measuring distance north and south of the equator |
| Lithosphere | Earth’s crust and a portion of upper mantle directly below the crust |
| Location | The position of anything on Earth’s surface |
| Location by Place Name | A location can be identified by the name of a Place which usually comes from founders, religion, physical features, or colonial origins |
| Location by Site | A location can be identified by the physical characteristics of a specific place. |
| Location by Situation | A location can be identified by the location of a place relative to other places |
| Longitude | The numbering system used to indicate the location of meridians drawn on a glove and measuring distance east and west of the prime meridian |
| Map | A two-dimensional, or flat, representation of Earth’s surface or a portion of it |
| Map Projection | A system used to transfer locations from Earth’s surface to a flat map. |
| Material Culture | The aspects of life that wouldn’t exist if not for human desire. |
| Mental Map | A representation of a portion of Earth’s surface based on what an individual knows about a place that contains personal impressions of what is in the place and where the place is located. |
| Meridian | An arc drawn on a map between the North and South poles. |
| Movement | The mobility of people, goods, and ideas. |
| Non-Renewable Resources | A source of energy that has a finite supply capable of being exhausted. |
| Non-Sustainable Environmental Modification | A form of environmental modification by humans that cannot sustain itself and will have long lasting negative effects on the environment. |
| Parallel | A circle drawn around the globe parallel to the equator and at right angles to the meridians |
| Physical Geography | The branch of geography concerning topography, flora, fauna, and climate |
| Place | A specific point on Earth, distinguished by a particular characteristic. |
| Possibilism | The theory that the physical environment may set limits on human actions, but people have the ability to adjust to the physical environment and choose a course of action from many alternatives. |
| Potential Resources | Resources that humans cannot use or access currently due to various reasons but might be able to access in the future. |
| Preservation | The maintenance of resources in their present conditions, with as little human impact as possible. |
| Proportional Symbol Map | A map in which the size of the symbol varies in proportion to the intensity of the mapped variable. |
| Ratio/Fraction Scale | A form of map scale in which the number on the left is one unit of distance on the map, while the number on the right represents its equivalent on Earth’s surface. Ex. 1:18,000 or 1: 24,000 |
| Regions | An area distinguished by a unique combination of trends or features. |
| Relative Location | Location in relation to other nearby features |
| Relocation Diffusion | The spread of a feature or trend through bodily movement of people from one place to another. |
| Remote Sensing | The acquisition of data about Earth’s surface from a satellite orbiting the planet or from other long-distance methods. |
| Renewable Resources | Something produced in nature more rapidly than it is consumed by humans. |
| Sense of Place | A strong sense of identity and character that derives from our surroundings. |
| Small Scale Map | This map shows a large area of the earth and has less detail such as at 1/1,000,000 scale. |
| Space | The physical gap or interval between two objects |
| Space-Time Compression | The reduction in the time it takes to diffuse something to a distant place as a result of improved communications and transportation systems. |
| Stimulus Diffusion | The spread of an underlying principle even though a specific characteristic is rejected. |
| Sustainable Environmental Modification | A form of environmental modification by humans that does not harm the environment and can sustain itself over a long period of time. |
| Terra Incognita | In terms of mental mapping, it is the area that we don’t know or is off limits to our imagination. |
| Toponym | The name given to a place on earth. |
| Transnational Corporations (TNCs) | A company that conducts research, operates factories, and sells products in many countries, not just where its headquarters or shareholders are located. |
| Vernacular/Perceptual Region | An area that people believe exists as part of their cultural identity |
| Weather | The atmospheric condition at any given time. |
| Written Scale | Scale that is written out in words instead of numerals. |
Created by:
clevelandv
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