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Module 13 ALL
Module 13
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Who were the first Americans and where did they originate from? | Hunter-gatherers migrated to North America from Asia along the land bridge of the Bering Strait. They also settles in both Central America and South America. |
| What were the Pacific Northwestern Native Americans' most valuable resource? | Their access to the sea allowed them to hunt whales in large canoes and gather other food sources in the forests along the coast. |
| How did the climate of the Southwestern Native Americans affect their society? | They had to improvise with a lot of what they did, including finding different ways to farm and using pottery to gather products since they had a sort supply of materials to make baskets. |
| Why were Southeastern Native Americans known as Mound Builders? | They build mounds of earth used for burials and rituals that usually contained cooper or stone artwork. |
| What were major conflicts of the Northeastern Native Americans? | They fought over their slight cultural differences and which was superior. |
| What were the cultural similarities between all Native Americans? | They were all related through trading similar ideas to spread this resemblance. They all believed in polytheism and that there were spirits of earth, causing them to greatly respect nature. Lastly, respecting family was very important in their society. |
| Who was a God-King? | A God-King was the ruler of an independent city-state. Since there was a theocracy, he was both the ruler of the government and the religion. |
| Describe the social class structure of the Mayans. | The God-Kings were at the top with the most power. Next, the upper class was the priests and great warriors with secondary power. Then, the middle class was made of merchants and craft workers. Lastly, the lower class was peasant farmers. |
| What were the Mayans' achievements in math and science? | They created the concept of zero, made a nearly exact calculation of how long it takes for the earth to revolve around the sun, and created calendars based on the earth's orbit and on their religion's daily gods. |
| What are three main theories of how Maya went into a decline. | Overpopulation caused trouble to feed everyone, and the drought caused farming to be impossible, ending in severe problems to supply enough food and water. Warfare over these resources then eventually caused living in the region to be unbearable. |
| Why were the Mayans considered barbaric? | The Mayans would give blood or human sacrifices of captured enemies to the gods in hopes of appeasing them, believing that the days would be happier if they were as well. |
| What was the Aztec empire's main reason of growth? | It went on military conquests and collected great wealth from those conquered areas. |
| What was the social class structure of the Aztecs? | The emperors were at the top with the most power. The military leaders, government officials, and priests made up the noble class of secondary power. The merchants, craft workers, soldiers, and farmers were in the middle class. Last were captured slaves. |
| What was the city of Tenochtitlan and how did it keep in contact with surrounding areas? | It is the capital city of the Aztecs that is located on Lake Texcoco. They used causeways that were very long to reach cities farther away on the mainland. |
| Why were the Aztecs considered more brutal than the Mayan? | They sacrificed people to the sun god on a daily basis to make sure that the sun would rise everyday, and after they sacrificed all of the captured people, they even began to use their own civilians. |
| What was the reason for the Aztec decline? | The Spanish were able to overthrow the Aztecs when they were already weakened by rebelling civilians angered by the human sacrifices. They had horses along with more powerful weapons, making it even easier to defeat them. |
| What problems did the Inca face regarding their location? | Their climate consisted of high temperatures and earthquakes, making it difficult to farm. They also had to travel far to trade and communicate with other regions. |
| How was the Inca Government different from others? | They not only conducted political acts, but also worked a lot to help the welfare of the people living in the state that were in need, such as those who were sick or old. |
| How was the religion connected to the government? | The Inca believed in the two gods, the creator god and the sun god, and the ruler was meant to be a descendant of the sun god to bring them wealth and power. It was an important part of their daily life. |
| How did the Inca Grow? | They went on military conquests and those conquered were given the option to join the empire peacefully, growing the population. |
| What was Machu Picchu? | Machu Picchu was one of their greatest achievements and was called the "city in the sky," since it was located between two mountains. It is said to have been used as either a religious center, a Patachui estate, or a retreat for Inca rulers and nobles. |
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