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USH Semester Exam Re
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Hitler's violations of Treaty of Versailles | rearmed Germany & he Rhineland, took Sudetenland, annexed Austria |
| Lend-Lease Act | aid to the Allies so they could continue to fight the Axis powers |
| appeasement | giving in to an enemy to avoid war; practiced by Britain and France in the Munich Pact with Germany |
| Final Solution | Nazi plan to eliminate the Jews of Europe by executing them in extermination camps |
| Pearl Harbor | brought an end to U.S. neutrality in World War II |
| Homefront of WWII | 1st peacetime draft, production of war goods, rationing, sale of war bonds |
| Stalingrad and Midway | turning points in WWII |
| D-Day | allowed the Allies to open a new front In Europe |
| American life during WWII | gas rationed, victory gardens, women worked in factories |
| War Production Board | produced war materials, encouraged rationing of essential goods |
| Office of War Informaiton | created wartime propaganda |
| Selective Service | drafted eligible men into military service |
| National Labor Relations Board | mediated between labor unions and management during the war |
| Japanese Americans | questions over their loyalty led to internment |
| rationing | action aimed at conserving essential goods for the war |
| Nuremberg Trials | trials of Nazi officials to hold them responsible for their actions during WWII |
| atomic bomb at Hiroshima and Nagasaki | led to Japanese surrender in World War II |
| GI Bill | helped veterans transition out of wartime by giving loans for higher education and housing |
| Jonas Salk | developed the polio vaccine |
| Cold War | conflict between the U.S. and Soviets created by conflicting government and economic systems |
| Sputnik | after the launch of this - the U.S. worried the Soviets were technologically superior |
| Berlin Airlift | Truman's response to the blockade of Berlin |
| Truman Doctrine | aid to Greece and Turkey to help resist communist takeover |
| Marshall Plan | restore economic stability in Europe |
| McCarthyism | accusations of Joseph McCarthy of communist infiltration, no evidence to support, called witch hunts |
| Rosenbergs | tried and convicted of spying on circumstantial evidence |
| 38th Parallel | dividing line between North and South Korea |
| Civil Rights Movement | aimed to end discrimination in American society |
| Thurgood Marshall | 1st African American Supreme Court Justice |
| Plessy v. Ferguson | established separate but equal principle concerning segregation |
| Brown v. Board of Education | declared school segregation unconstitutional, overturned Plessy ruling |
| Little Rock Central High | site of clash over school desegregation, Eisenhower sent troops to show the court ruling would be enforced |
| Civil Rights Act of 1964 | aimed at correcting discrimination |
| Cesar Chavez, Hector Garcia, Betty Friedan | civil rights leaders who fought for equality for minorities |
| Martin Luther King | civil rights leader who promoted non violence |
| Black Panthers | civil rights group that advocated confrontation and self-advocacy |
| Cuban Missile Crisis | Kennedy established a naval blockade around Cuba |
| War on Poverty | Johnson's plan to lead a unified fight against poverty |
| anti-war movement | between Hawks who supported the war and Doves who called for American withdrawal |
| Vietnam War | the U.S. hope to contain the spread of communism in Asia |
| domino theory | stated that if one nation fell to communism, neighboring countries would be vulnerable |
| Gulf of Tonkin Resolution | Congress gave the president a blank check to take action in Vietnam |
| Vietnamization | Nixon's policy to remove U.S. troops while training S. Vietnamese troops |
| credibility gap | public distrust of statements made by the gov't concerning the Vietnam War |
| War Powers Act | limits a president's ability to use the military without congressional approval |
| detente | Nixon's policy to reduce cold war tensions |
| Watergate | caused public cynicism concerning the government |
| Camp David Accords | 1st peace agreement between Israel and Egypt |
| Persian Gulf War | U.S. felt Hussein's invasion of Kuwait threatened national interests |
| glasnost | Gorbachev reform calling for more openness |
| perestroika | Gorbachev's restructuring of the Soviet economy |
| supply side economics | cut taxes to stimulate spending |
| Reagan's goals | shrink size and influence of federal gov't |
| fall of Berlin Wall | symbolized the end of the Cold War |
| Americans with Disabilities Act | required accessibility for handicapped, end discrimination |
| Clinton's impeachment | Clinton was impeached on charges of perjury and obstruction of justice |
| Contract with America | Republican plan to restore the balance between citizens and their government |
| globalization | encourages worldwide trade and a world economy |
| Al Qaeda | responsible for the 9-11 attacks |
| USA PATRIOT Act | passed following 9-11 to monitor terrorist threats |
Created by:
amoyer1981
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