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Social Studies 4
Test
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Buying On Margin | Purchasing stocks by borrowing money. Eventually the people who bought it want to sell their stocks at a higher price. Lots of people would lose money though. |
| Black Tuesday | October 29, 1929 stock market crashed. People wanted to get money for their stock but not many people wanted to buy them. After the prices dropped, lost 11 billion dollars in one day. This also made banks fail. They could not pay loans. |
| Business Cycle | Is when the stock market goes up and down. Soon after the crash the stock market went back up. This has happened many times. |
| Great Depression | Is when the stock market was the worst. It took a long time for it to recover. Many companies went out of business. This was caused from overproduction in goods and also government's monetary policies. |
| Hoover flags | He thought he should not let the government sort this out. He still donated 1.2 billion dollars to many companies but people still wanted him to do more. |
| Hoovervilles | Shacks made by the homeless. They were made of tin and cardboard. |
| Bonus Army | Military people that had to demand for an early bonus. The government did not give bonuses though. |
| Douglas MacArthur | Was assigned by Hoover to get rid of the bonus army. He decided to use tear gas and war tanks. |
| Franklin D. Roosevelt | Thought that Hoover was to blame for the Great Depression. Franklin gave his state the things they needed during the Depression. |
| The Hundred Days | The first 3 months ish of FDR’s presidency. He met with Congress to create new programs to help the country get out of the Depression. |
| New Deal | A plan to fix the Depression. Congress and Roosevelt thought of ways to get the economy back on its feet. |
| Bank Holiday | He wanted all places that hold people to close temporarily. After, the emergency law was passed. |
| Fireside Chats | A video of him talking to the people. He would explain the new deal. |
| Civilian Conservation Corps | Helped thousands of people find jobs. They wanted to plant and open national parks. |
| Tennessee Valley Authority | Gave people some jobs. The jobs were to help dams and generators. Improved rivers. |
| Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation | Helps bank companies to be stable by protecting and improving them. Insures each person's savings up to 100,000. Created in 1933 after the Great Depression. |
| Social Security Act | Security or health for kids, people that are disabled, seniors, and unemployed. They made a new law that businesses have to pay taxes. |
| Securities and Exchange Commission | Helped investors not be manipulated by fraud. Wanted workers to increase production. |
| Court-Packing Bill | Made it so every 70 year old or older could be replaced by someone younger. There would soon be six new judges. |
| Criticism on the New Deal | Only maintained private owners. |
| 3Rs | Relief, recovery, reform |
| Relief | Stabilizing the economy by providing items necessary for survival. food, clothing, shelter, $ |
| Recovery | Providing the economy with programs to allow it to grow and get stronger. ex. Jobs |
| Reform | Ensuring that the mistakes of the past are not repeated. |
| Criticism on New Deal Charles Coughlin | The Radio Priest. Believed that the New Deal only helped big businesses. He wanted FDR to take over the wealth of the country. |
| New Deal Francis Townsend | Wanted a pension of $200 per month for people over 60 years old. The public liked the idea…which led to FDR creating the Social Security act. |
| Criticism on New Deal Huey Long | Louisiana Senator. Share our Wealth- Redistribute nations wealth. Thought that FDR did not do enough for the people. |
| Rugged Individualism | Be tough do not ask the government for help and help yourself. |
| Brain Trust | Described a group of close advisers to a political candidate or someone on duty; these were often academics who were prized for their expertise in particular fields. |
| Speculation | Buying something with the intent of selling it for a quick profit. |
| Trickle-Down Economics | Is the financial proposition that taxes on businesses and the wealthy in society should be reduced as a means to stimulate business investment in the short term and benefit society at large in the long term. |
| Installment Plans | A system for paying for an item in fixed amounts at specified intervals. |
| Migrant Mother | First word means moving place to place. Taken by Lange, Dorothea. Became iconic photo Depression, and one most familiar images 20th century taken 1936 March. With her kids cowering behind protection, hiding faces, she gazes distractedly into distance. |
| Dust Bowl | Was the name given to the drought-stricken Great Plains region of the United States, which suffered severe dust storms during a dry period in the 1930s. |
| Works Progress Administration | Employed 8.5 million people. This was for research and arts. |
| Experiences of Mexican Americans and African Americans | Mexican Americans found it harder to get work in the Depression. African Americans also faced discrimination. Many lost jobs to unemployed white workers. African Americans were able to find work through relief programs such as the CCC and WPA. |
| Laissez-Faire Policies | Thought the government should keep “hands-off” of business activities. |
| National Recovery Administration | Encouraged cooperation among businesses in establishing production and labor practices. Fair competition laws are created. |
| Public Works Administration | 3.3 billion dollars for these people. The goal was to provide jobs. This also provided loans. |
| Federal Emergency Relief Act | To boost the economy during the Great Depression. Created new jobs for people with millions of dollars. First aid to poor. |
| Agricultural Adjustment Act | The government paid farmers to plant fewer crops. Farmers were convinced to destroy crops...paid to do so. Loaning money to farmers. |
| Mary Mcleod Bethune | Was an African American woman assigned a role by Roosevelt. Mary, Alter White, and William Henry Hastie were part of the black cabinet. Their role was to make more concerns of African American people. |
| Eleanor Roosevelt | Wanted equal rights for all. Helps African Americans have things like concerts. |
| Volunteerism | Believed people can help each other but no one could. |
Created by:
jschwartzman
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