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Unit 10
Test Reveiw
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Buffalo Soldier | African American soldiers that served in the western United States after the Civil War |
| Vaquero | A Spanish term for cowboy |
| Rustler | A person who steals cattle |
| Wildcatter | Someone who drills holes hoping to find oil in a place not well known for oil |
| Quanah Parker | The last leader of the Comenche before they were moved to a reservation and a vocal advocate for their rights |
| James Hogg | First Texas-born governor of the state and helped create laws to regulate railroads |
| Medicine Lodge Creek Treaty | This was used to remove Indians from the path of American expansion, thereby avoiding costly wars |
| Warren Wagon Train Raid | The warren wagon trail raid, also known as the salt creek massacre, occurred on May 18, 1871. Henry warren was contracted to haul supplies to forts in the west of Texas, including Fort Richardson, Fort Griffin, and Fort Concho |
| Second Battle of Adobe Walls | The second battle of adobe walls occurred on June 27, 1874, when buffalo hunters’ camp, built in the spring of that year is what is now Hutchinson Country |
| Red River War | The Red River War was a military campaign launched by the United States Army in 1874 to displace the Comanche, Kiowa, Southern Cheyenne, and Arapaho Native American tribes |
| Where did cattle trails start? | The Great Western Cattle Trail was used during the late 19th century for movement of cattle and horses to markets in eastern and northern states. |
| Where did cattle trails end? | The Great Western Cattle Trail - also known as the Dodge City Trail and the Old Texas Trail - was utilized from 1874 for the movement of cattle to markets East. |
| What problems did cattle ranchers face? | Transporting their cattle to "cattle towns", where they would be sold, was a very challenging opstacle ranchers had to face. |
| What caused the close of the open range? | Deep snow prevented the cattle from reaching the grass and around15% of open range herds died. Any cattle that did survive the winter was in a terrible condition. |
| What were the major cattle ranches in Texas during the late 1800s? | In the mid-1800s, cattle ranching was becoming big business in Texas and wealthy cattle barons like Charles Goodnight and Richard King were known from coast to coast. |
| Where and when was oil first discovered in Texas? | Oil was first detected in Texas in July of 1543 when Spanish explorer Luis de Moscoso of the DeSoto expedition saw oil floating on the water in the Galveston Bay in an area between High Island and the Sabine Pass, near Port Arthur, Texas. |
| What other industries developed as a result of the discovery of oil? | While the drilling of oil — which marks the start of the modern petroleum industry — dates only to the middle of the 19 th century, the knowledge of oil is very old. |
| What happened to the economy of the state? | By the end of the war Texas was one of the leading industrial states and the population had become predominantly urban. |
| How did things change with the start of World War I? | The total number of casualties in WW1 which lasted only from 1914 to 1919 came to a terrifying height of 37,508,686 of that number only 323,018 belonged to the U.S. |
| What event caused the United States to become involved in World War I? | The U.S. entered World War I because Germany embarked on a deadly gamble. Germany sank many American merchant ships around the British Isles which prompted the American entry into the war. |
| How did the Dust Bowl affect farmers in the Great Plains region of Texas? | As high winds and choking dust swept the region from Texas to Nebraska, people and livestock were killed and crops failed across the entire region. |
| Why did people come to Texas during the Great Depression? Did they find what they were looking for? | As the nation’s economy collapsed, it became clear that Texas would suffer, too. Across the state, agriculture and the new industries of oil and lumber fell victim to the growing economic depression. |
| What role did Texas play in World War II? | The military’s presence in Texas grew exponentially during World War II. There were 142 major military installations across the state, and more than 750,000 Texans served in uniform during the war. |
| How did the lives of Texans change because of World War II? | During the war 22,022 Texans were killed or died of wounds. One-third of these fatalities were in the navy, marines, or coast guard. Texans served with distinction in various theaters of operations in World War II. |
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