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Topic 9 Vocabulary
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| freedmen | men and women who had been enslaved |
| Reconstruction | the rebuilding of the South after the Civil War |
| Ten Percent Plan | the Reconstruction plan endorsed by Lincoln that allowed a southern state to form a new government after 10 percent of its voters swore an oath of loyalty to the United States |
| amnesty | a government pardon |
| Wade-Davis Bill | an 1864 plan for Reconstruction that denied the right to vote or hold office to anyone who had volunteered to fight for the Confederacy |
| Radical Republican | a member of Congress during Reconstruction who wanted to break the power of wealthy Southern Plantation owners and ensure that freedmen received the right to vote |
| Radical Reconstruction | a period beginning in 1867 when the Republicans, who had control in both houses of Congress, took charge of Reconstruction |
| impeach | to bring charges of serious wrongdoing against a public official |
| scalawag | a white southerner who supported the Republicans during Reconstruction |
| carpetbagger | an uncomplimentary nickname for a northerner who went to the South after the Civil War |
| Ku Klux Klan | a secret society organized in the South after the Civil War to reassert white supremacy by means of violence |
| sharecropper | a person who rents a plot of land from another person and farms it in exchange for a share of the crop |
| poll tax | a tax required before a person can vote |
| literacy test | an examination to see if a person can read and write; used in the past to restrict voting rights |
| grandfather clause | in the post Reconstruction South, a law that excused a voter from a literacy test if his grandfather had been eligible to vote on January 1, 1867 |
| Jim Crow Laws | laws of the South that separated blacks and whites in schools, restaurants, theaters, trains, streetcars, playgrounds, hospitals, and even cemeteries |
| "New South" | a term used to describe the South in the late 1800s when efforts were being made to expand the economy by building up industry |
| Freedmen's Bureau | a government agency founded during Reconstruction to help former slaves |
| Plessy v. Ferguson | an 1896 court case in which the Supreme Court ruled that segregation in public facilities was legal as long as the facilities were equal |
| Compromise of 1877 | an agreement by Republicans presidential candidate, Rutherford B. Hayes, to end Reconstruction in return for Congressional Democrats accepting his inauguration as President after the disputed election of 1876 |
Created by:
ellenabney
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