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MT Chapter 9
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| angi/o | vessel |
| aort/o | aorta |
| arteri/o | artery |
| ather/o | fatty (lipid) paste |
| atri/o | atrium |
| pector/o | chest |
| sphygm/o | pulse |
| vas/o | vessel |
| endocardium | membrane lining the cavities of the heart |
| epicardium | membrane forming the outer layer of the heart |
| myocardium | heart muscle |
| pericardial cavity | fluid-filled cavity between the pericardial layers |
| ventricle | lower right or left chamber of the heart |
| heart valves | structures within the heart that open and close with the heartbeat to regulate the one-way flow of blood |
| aortic valve | heart valve between the left ventricle and the aorta |
| mitral valve | heart valve between the left atrium and the left ventricle |
| tricuspid valve | valve between the right atrium and the right ventricle |
| arteries | vessels that carry blood away from the heart to the arterioles |
| capillaries | tiny vessels that join arterioles and venules |
| pulmonary circulation | circulation of blood from the pulmonary artery through the vessels in the lungs and back to the heart via the pulmonary vein, providing for the exchange of gases |
| Purkinje fibers | fibers in the ventricles that transmit impulses to the right and left ventricles, causing them to contract |
| repolarization | recharging of the myocardial cell from a contracted state back to a resting state |
| aneurysm | a widening; a bulging of the wall of an artery caused by a congenital defect or acquired weakness |
| saccular aneurysm | a sac-like bulge on one side of an artery |
| fusiform aneurysm | a spindle-shaped bulge of an artery |
| angina pectoris | chest pain caused by a temporary loss of oxygenated blood to heart muscle; often caused by narrowing of the coronary arteries |
| thrombus | a stationary blood clot |
| heart murmur | an abnormal sound from the heart produced by defects in the chambers or valves |
| ischemia | decreased blood flow to tissue caused by obstruction or constriction of a blood vessel; to hold back blood |
| palpitation | subjective experience of pounding, skipping, or racing heartbeats |
| vegetation | an abnormal growth of tissue around a valve, generally resulting from infection; to grow |
| cardiac tamponade | compression of the heart produced by the accumulation of fluid in the pericardial sac, as results from pericarditis or trauma, causing rupture of a blood vessel within the heart |
| congenital anomaly of the heart | congenital anomaly of the heart |
| ventricular septal defect (VSD) | an opening in the septum separating the ventricles |
| hypertension (HTN) | persistently high blood pressure |
| mitral valve prolapse (MVP) | protrusion of one or both cusps of the mitral valve back into the left atrium during ventricular contraction, resulting in incomplete closure and backflow of blood |
| pericarditis | inflammation of the pericardium |
| stethoscope | instrument used to listen for sounds in the body |
| gallop | abnormal heart sound that mimics the gait of a horse; related to abnormal ventricular contraction |
| Holter monitor | portable electrocardiograph worn by the patient that monitors electrical activity of the heart over 24 hours; useful in detecting periodic abnormalities |
| intracardiac catheter ablation | use of radiofrequency waves sent through a catheter within the heart to treat arrhythmias by selectively destroying myocardial tissue at sites that generate abnormal electrical pathways |
| CABG | coronary artery bypass graft |
| CCU | coronary care unit; critical care unit |
| nuclear medicine imaging | radionuclide organ imaging of the heart after administration of radioactive isotopes to visualize structures and to analyze functions |
| angiography | process of x-ray imaging a blood vessel after injection of contrast dye, most commonly after catheter placement |
| venogram | x-ray image of a vein |
| left heart catheterization | x-ray imaging of the left ventricular cavity and coronary arteries |
| vascular endoscopy | use of a flexible fiberoptic angioscope (accompanied by an irrigation system, camera, video recorder, and monitor) that is guided through a specific blood vessel to visually assess a lesion and to select the mode of therapy |
Created by:
ghardin
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