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Industrial Rev
Key points of industrial revolution unit
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Industrial revolution | period of time with rapid changes in the way goods were made, successful in the US because of an abundance of natural resources |
| Technological | the scientific improvements in the way work is done |
| Innovation | an improvement on an idea or invention |
| Industrialization | the buildup of factories and industry in an area |
| Urbanization | an increase the in size of cities and the area they cover, an effect of industrialization |
| Factory | a large building that makes products using machinery, usually women and children worked long hours for low pay, the first factories were powered by water |
| Lowell Mills, MA | a large center of manufacturing in New England, many textile mills were built that employed many American workers |
| Mill girls | young women from small towns or farms that sought opportunity in the textile mills to earn money, get an education and help improve the lives of their families as well as their own |
| Textile | fabric or cloth |
| Labor union | group of workers that work together to improve their working conditions and pay |
| Strike | to refuse to work, used to try to force factory owners to improve working conditions or raise pay |
| Immigration | the movement of people from one area to another, Irish Catholics came to the U.S. during a famine to work in Northeastern factories |
| Potato famine | a disease in Ireland wiped out most of the food supply, many Irish moved to the U.S. to work in factories in the North |
| Eli Whitney | inventor of interchangeable parts and the cotton gin, used factories to create large numbers of identical products |
| Interchangeable parts | using identical and easily replaceable parts, changed the way products were make, the result was faster production and cheaper prices |
| Cotton gin | invented by Eli Whitney, quickly and easily removed the seed from cotton, led to an increase in the demand for land and slaves in the South |
| Robert Fulton | innovated the steamboat and successful began to use them to move people and products |
| Steamboat | steam powered way to mass transport goods and people along rivers, faster and cheaper than other methods, many new towns and settlements rapidly grew along rivers served by the steamboat |
| Cyrus McCormick | inventor of agricultural (farm) machines, including the mechanical reaper |
| Mechanical reaper | machine that would cut grain and remove the seeds, helped farmers in the West get more crops from their land |
| Samuel Slater | brought the Industrial Revolution to the U.S., set up water powered textile mills in New England |
| Morse Code | a series of electrical pulses that could be used to send messages over wires |
| Telegraph | invented by Samuel F B Morse, it used wires on poles to carry messages over long distances |
| Steel plow | invented by John Deere, it was a stronger plow that could easily cut through the hard soils of the West, farming became easier and more profitable |
| Spinning jenny | could make at least 8 spools of yarn at the same time, replaced the spinning wheel which could only make one spool at a time |
| Power loom | could quickly make a piece of cloth from yarn, much faster than one person working by hand |
| Canal | a man-made river that connects two bodies of water, used to quickly and cheaply transport people and goods, most famous was the Erie Canal in New York |
Created by:
Ms. Carr's class
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