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MT Chapter 7
Term | Definition |
---|---|
adrenal/o | adrenal gland |
aden/o | gland |
andr/o | male |
dips/o | thirst |
gluc/o | glucose |
hormon/o | hormone |
ket/o | ketone bodies |
pancreat/o | pancreas |
thym/o | thymus gland |
thyr/o | thyroid gland |
adenoma | tumor of glandular tissue |
adrenalitis | inflammation of the adrenal gland |
thymoma | tumor of thymic tissue |
estrogen | hormone that is responsible for the development of female secondary sex characteristics |
progesterone | hormone that regulates uterine conditions during pregnancy |
steroid hormones | hormones secreted by the adrenal cortex |
hormones secreted by the adrenal cortex | hormones that maintain salt and water balance |
adrenaline | hormone that is secreted in response to fear or physical injury |
insulin | a hormone secreted by the beta cells of the islets of Langerhans that is responsible for regulating the metabolism of glucose |
parathyroid hormone (PTH) | hormone that regulates calcium and phosphorus metabolism |
serotonin | hormone that constricts blood vessels and acts as a neurotransmitter |
adrenocorticotropic hormone | hormone that stimulates secretion from adrenal cortex |
growth hormone | hormone that influences growth |
lactogenic hormone | hormone that stimulates breast development and milk production during pregnancy |
posterior pituitary | posterior lobe of the pituitary gland |
testosterone | affects masculinization and reproduction |
glucosuria | glucose in the urine |
hypercalcemia | an abnormally high level of calcium in the blood |
hypoglycemia | an abnormally low level of glucose in the blood |
hyperkalemia | an abnormally high level of potassium in the blood |
hyposecretion | abnormally decreased secretion |
metabolism | all chemical processes in the body that result in growth, generation of energy, elimination of waste, and other body functions |
pancreatitis | inflammation of the pancreas |
hypoparathyroidism | hyposecretion of the parathyroid glands |
hypothyroidism | a condition of hyposecretion of thyroid hormone resulting in sluggishness, slow pulse, and, often, obesity |
blood glucose | measurement of the level of sugar (glucose) in the blood |
sonography | sonographic images are used to identify endocrine pathology, such as with thyroid ultrasound |
adrenalectomy | removal of one or both adrenal glands |
thyroidectomy | removal of the thyroid |
radioiodine therapy | use of radioactive iodine to treat disease, such as to eradicate thyroid tumor cells; treatment is administered in a nuclear medicine facility |
antidiabetic drug | any of several agents used to control blood glucose levels in treatment of diabetes mellitus |
ADH | antidiuretic hormone |
DM | diabetes mellitus |
FBS | fasting blood sugar |
calcitonin | hormone that regulates calcium and phosphorus metabolism |
hormone replacement therapy | treatment with a hormone to correct a hormonal deficiency |
antithyroid drug | an agent that blocks the production of thyroid hormones; used to treat hyperthyroidism |
myxedema | advanced hypothyroidism in adults characterized by sluggishness, slow pulse, puffiness in the hands and face, and dry skin |
goiter | enlargement of the thyroid caused by thyroid dysfunction, tumor, lack of iodine in the diet, or inflammation |
polyuria | excessive urination |
hirsutism | shaggy; an excessive growth of hair, especially in unusual places |
type 1 diabetes mellitus | diabetes in which no beta-cell production of insulin occurs and the patient is dependent on insulin for survival; once known as juvenile diabetes |
diabetes mellitus | metabolic disorder caused by the absence of or insufficient production of insulin secreted by the pancreas, resulting in hyperglycemia and glucosuria |