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MT Chapter 7
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| adrenal/o | adrenal gland |
| aden/o | gland |
| andr/o | male |
| dips/o | thirst |
| gluc/o | glucose |
| hormon/o | hormone |
| ket/o | ketone bodies |
| pancreat/o | pancreas |
| thym/o | thymus gland |
| thyr/o | thyroid gland |
| adenoma | tumor of glandular tissue |
| adrenalitis | inflammation of the adrenal gland |
| thymoma | tumor of thymic tissue |
| estrogen | hormone that is responsible for the development of female secondary sex characteristics |
| progesterone | hormone that regulates uterine conditions during pregnancy |
| steroid hormones | hormones secreted by the adrenal cortex |
| hormones secreted by the adrenal cortex | hormones that maintain salt and water balance |
| adrenaline | hormone that is secreted in response to fear or physical injury |
| insulin | a hormone secreted by the beta cells of the islets of Langerhans that is responsible for regulating the metabolism of glucose |
| parathyroid hormone (PTH) | hormone that regulates calcium and phosphorus metabolism |
| serotonin | hormone that constricts blood vessels and acts as a neurotransmitter |
| adrenocorticotropic hormone | hormone that stimulates secretion from adrenal cortex |
| growth hormone | hormone that influences growth |
| lactogenic hormone | hormone that stimulates breast development and milk production during pregnancy |
| posterior pituitary | posterior lobe of the pituitary gland |
| testosterone | affects masculinization and reproduction |
| glucosuria | glucose in the urine |
| hypercalcemia | an abnormally high level of calcium in the blood |
| hypoglycemia | an abnormally low level of glucose in the blood |
| hyperkalemia | an abnormally high level of potassium in the blood |
| hyposecretion | abnormally decreased secretion |
| metabolism | all chemical processes in the body that result in growth, generation of energy, elimination of waste, and other body functions |
| pancreatitis | inflammation of the pancreas |
| hypoparathyroidism | hyposecretion of the parathyroid glands |
| hypothyroidism | a condition of hyposecretion of thyroid hormone resulting in sluggishness, slow pulse, and, often, obesity |
| blood glucose | measurement of the level of sugar (glucose) in the blood |
| sonography | sonographic images are used to identify endocrine pathology, such as with thyroid ultrasound |
| adrenalectomy | removal of one or both adrenal glands |
| thyroidectomy | removal of the thyroid |
| radioiodine therapy | use of radioactive iodine to treat disease, such as to eradicate thyroid tumor cells; treatment is administered in a nuclear medicine facility |
| antidiabetic drug | any of several agents used to control blood glucose levels in treatment of diabetes mellitus |
| ADH | antidiuretic hormone |
| DM | diabetes mellitus |
| FBS | fasting blood sugar |
| calcitonin | hormone that regulates calcium and phosphorus metabolism |
| hormone replacement therapy | treatment with a hormone to correct a hormonal deficiency |
| antithyroid drug | an agent that blocks the production of thyroid hormones; used to treat hyperthyroidism |
| myxedema | advanced hypothyroidism in adults characterized by sluggishness, slow pulse, puffiness in the hands and face, and dry skin |
| goiter | enlargement of the thyroid caused by thyroid dysfunction, tumor, lack of iodine in the diet, or inflammation |
| polyuria | excessive urination |
| hirsutism | shaggy; an excessive growth of hair, especially in unusual places |
| type 1 diabetes mellitus | diabetes in which no beta-cell production of insulin occurs and the patient is dependent on insulin for survival; once known as juvenile diabetes |
| diabetes mellitus | metabolic disorder caused by the absence of or insufficient production of insulin secreted by the pancreas, resulting in hyperglycemia and glucosuria |