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Module 11
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What are monasteries? (Lesson 1) | Monasteries were religious communities that also served as centers for learning for the people preparing to become church officials. |
| Why was the Church the most dominant institution? (Lesson 1) | The Church was the most dominant institution because they were the only people who were educated to read and write Latin and Greek, so they taught the Greek and Roman knowledge to those who practiced Christianity. |
| What were women's role in society? (Lesson 1) | Women's role in society was to take care of the home and children. |
| What power did the pope have over the king? (Lesson 1) | The pope held the power of education and excommunication over the king. If the king were to get in the pope's way, then he could threaten to prevent his entire kingdom from reaching heaven, which was their main goal in life. |
| What is it called when the kings and nobles appoint church officials? (Lesson 1) | Lay Investiture |
| What were the three main problems that the church faced? (Lesson 2) | Some of the priests could barely read their prayers, some pope's had questionable morals and many bishops and abbots cared more about their positions as lords with their wealth than about their duties as spiritual leaders. |
| What was canon law? Who created it? (Lesson 2) | Canon law was the law of the Church, which settled matters such as marriage, divorce, and inheritance. This law was created by the Papal Curia, which was the advisors of the pope that acted as a court. |
| What were the characteristics of Gothic architecture? (Lesson 2) | The Gothic architectural style included large cathedrals that built towards heaven, ribbed vaults, flying buttresses, pointed arches, tall spires, and stain glass windows that brought in a lot of light. |
| What was the religious meaning of the Crusades? Who started them? (Lesson 2) | The Crusades were started by Pope Urban ll, who wanted to reclaim the holy land Palestine and the holy city of Jerusalem from the Muslim Turks. He wanted to unite Christianity after it was split in two. |
| What were the results of the Crusades? (Lesson 2) | Trade, learning, and the power of the king grew in Europe. On the other hand, the power of the pope and Church, feudalism, the Byzantine empire, and the respect of the Muslims and Jews all diminished. Many knights also lost their lives and wealth. |
| What benefits did the three field system provide to the people of Europe? (Lesson 3) | The production of food increased, so the people had more to eat, and people developed better immune systems by eating healthier so they could live longer. |
| What was a guild? (Lesson 3) | A guild was an organization of people of the same business or career that worked together to improve the economic and social conditions for their job. |
| How did the formation of a middle class contribute to the end of feudalism? (Lesson 3) | Merchant class burghers were able to make more money and gain more power than the upper class nobles, so their power began to decrease. |
| How did learning and education come back into Europe? (Lesson 3) | Learning and education came back into Europe from the trading with the Byzantine and Muslims civilizations. Written records also began to be translated into vernacular so that more people could read former works of the Greeks and Romans. |
| What is Scholasticism Philosophy? (Lesson 3) | Scholasticism is based off of Christian beliefs, The main goal of those who practice scholasticism is to be a good Christian to eventually reach heaven. |
| Who united the kingdom of the Anglo-Saxons, calling it England, and defeated the Viking invaders. (Lesson 4) | Alfred the Great, who was an Anglo-Saxon king from 871 to 899. |
| What did the Battle of Hastings determine? What was the result? (Lesson 4) | The Battle of Hastings determined who would claim the English throne, between William the Conqueror with the Normans and Harold Godwinson with the Anglo-Saxons. Harold was killed by an arrow in his eye, so William and the Normans took over England. |
| Who introduced the use of a jury in courts in England? What were their importance?(Lesson 4) | Henry ll introduced the use of a jury in England courts to answer the royal judge's questions about the facts of the case. They eventually created a law for everyone in Europe to follow called common law, which soon became the basis for many countries. |
| What was the importance of the Magna Carta? (Lesson 4) | The Magna Carta gave English Nobles basic legal rights when King John was gaining too much power through raising taxes and he was being cruel to the people. Later on, it became the basis for basic legal rights of everyone in both England and the U.S. |
| What impact did Phillip ll have on the development of France? (Lesson 4) | Phillip ll tripled the size of France's territory by overruling Normandy and other large pieces of land from King John, who was weak in battle. He also gained more power than his vassals, and establish bailiffs to collect taxes and lead the courts. |
| What effect did the Great Schism have on the Church? (Lesson 5) | The Great Schism divided France over who should be the true pope of the Church. This weakened the Church because people lost confidence in its ability to lead them. |
| What were the main results of the Hundred Years' War? (Lesson 5) | The kings gained power over the lords and both England and France began to become a nation. |
| How did the Hundred Years' War bring an end to Chivalry? (Lesson 5) | Longbows were used during the war, which was able to dramatically help England stand a chance against France, who had more soldiers. It could reach people 200 yards away, which made it far more efficient than fighting up close with a sword in battle. |
| How did the bubonic plague spread so quickly throughout the empire? (Lesson 5) | People didn’t clean or take baths, therefore almost everyone had fleas or lice. They also put their garbage and waste on the streets that was unsanitary and it became a place for rats to breed. The fleas on rats could also leap onto people very quickly. |
| How were people's jobs affected by the bubonic plague in Europe? (Lesson 5) | To stop the disease from spreading more, trade ended and item prices rose because of scarcity. This caused serfs to leave the manor to find higher paying jobs. Nobles also refused better pay, ending in many revolts in England, France, Italy and Belgium. |
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25slebron
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