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South Asia Vocab
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Monsoon | Refers to the seasonal reversal of wind and moisture flows in certain parts of the subtropics and lower-middle latitudes. |
| Indo-European Languages | The major world language family that dominates the European geographic realm. Most widely desired globally, and about half of humankind speak one of its languages. |
| Dravidian Languages | The language family, indigenous to the South Asian realm, that dominates southern India today; as opposed to the Indo-European languages, whose tongues dominate northern India. |
| Partition | The subdivision of the British Indian Empire into India and Pakistan at the end of colonial rule on August 15, 1947. |
| Forward Capital (w/ example) | Capital city positioned in actually or potentially contested territory, usually near an international border; it confirms the state's determination to maintain its presence in the area of contention. (Islamabad, Pakistan) |
| Population Density | The number of people per unit area. |
| Physiologic Density | The number of people per unit area of arable land. |
| Demographic Transition | Multi-stage model, based on western Europe's experience, of changes in population growth exhibited by a countries undergoing industrialization. |
| Fertility Rate | More precisely the Total Fertility Rate, it is the average number of children born to women of childbearing age in a given population. |
| Population Pyramid | Graphic representation or profile of a national population according to age and gender. |
| Sex Ratio | A demographic indicator showing the ratio of males to females in a given population. |
| Communal Tension | Persistent stress among a country's sociocultural groups that can often erupt into communal violence, particularly in India. |
| Hindutva | The cornerstone of a fundamentalist movement that has been gaining strength since the late twentieth century that seeks to remake India as a society dominated by Hindu principals. |
| Caste System | The strict social stratification and residential segregation of people- specifically in India's Hindu society- on the basis of ancestry and occupation. |
| Outsourcing | The subcontracting of specific business tasks, such as subscriptions or payroll, to another, specialized , company at lower cost. |
| (Non-Governmental Organization) NGO | A legitimate organization that operates independently from any form of government and does not function as a for-profit business. |
| Micro-credit | Small loans extended to poverty-stricken borrowers who would not otherwise qualify for them. The aim is to help combat poverty, encourage entrepreneurship, and to empower poor communities- especially their women. |
| Buffer State | A country or set of countries separating ideological or political adversaries. Ex: Afghanistan, Nepal, and Bhutan were part of a buffer zone between British and Russian-Chinese imperial spheres. |
| Taliban | The term means "students" or "seekers of religion". Specifically, refers to the Islamist militia group that emerged from madrassas in Pakistan and ruled neighboring Afghanistan between 1996 and 2001. |
| al-Qaeda | The terrorist organization that evolved into an expanding global network under the directorship of Usama bin Laden between the mid 1990s and his elimination by the U.S. in 2011. |
| Rising Sea Level | One of the expected major impacts of global climate change on the world ocean resulting from the large-scale melting of Arctic and Antarctic ice. |
| Drone Warfare | The use of remote-controlled unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) as delivery systems to conduct military attacks. |
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