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Module 11
Module 11: Church and Society in Western Europe - Lessons 1, 2, 3, 4, & 5
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What were Monasteries? | Religious communities which also were centers for learning for people learning to become priests, nuns, or church officials. |
| Why was the Church the most dominant institution for most of the Middle Ages? | The Church was the most dominant because they were the only educated people that were taught the Greek and Roman knowledge and who could read and write Latin and Greek in the Medieval society. |
| What was the main goal of everyone in the Middle Ages? What did they do to achieve this? | The main goal of every person in the Middle Ages was to reach heaven by doing whatever they were told, not questioning anything or their position in life, and by being a good Christian. |
| What is Excommunication and Interdiction? | Excommunication - When an individual went against, questioned, or challenged church teachings. Interdiction - When a king went against, questioned, or challenged church teachings. |
| What were the effects of Interdiction? | The church would deny the king and the people of his entire kingdom from the following; from going to church, from receiving sacraments, a proper Church burial, and entrance into heaven. |
| What was the worst punishment that could be given to a person during the Middle Ages? LESSON 1 | Preventing someone’s soul from reaching heaven and condemning their soul to hell for all of eternity is the worst punishment a person, a king, or kingdom could be given in the Middle Ages because their main goal in life was to reach heaven. |
| What three problems did the Church face during the European Middle Ages? | Simony, priests were marrying and having families, church officials were more concerned with obtaining material wealth more than they were with the spiritual guidance of the community |
| What was the Spanish Inquisition? | A church court that tried people that were not practicing Christianity |
| What was the purpose of the Reconquista? | To drive the Muslims out of Spain |
| What is Gothic architecture? | The architectural style most closely associated with the Middle Ages |
| What was the main goal of the Crusades? | To recover the holy city of Jerusalem and the Holy Land Palestine from the Muslim Turks |
| What are three main results of the Crusades on Western Europe? LESSON 2 | The power of the Church weakened, helped lead to the decline of the Middle Ages, many people fled their communities |
| What was the Second Agricultural Revolution? | A warmer climate in Europe from 800-1200 AD which helped to increase farm production |
| What was a guild? | A guild was an organization of individuals in the same business or occupation working to improve the economic and social conditions of its members |
| What was the Commercial Revolution? | The Commercial Revolution was the expansion of trade and business |
| What three changes took place that greatly impacted Medieval society? | The rediscovery of trade, rediscovery of learning and education, revival and formations of cities |
| What are two reasons there was a revival of learning from the 1100's to the 1400's in Medieval Europe? | Writing of information in the vernacular allowed people to learn much faster and led to the development of universities. The rediscovery of trade also resulted in the revival of learning. |
| What was the philosophy of Scholasticism? LESSON 3 | Scholasticism was the main philosophy of the Middle Ages |
| Who was William the Conqueror? | The duke of Normandy who defeated the Anglo-Saxons to conquer England |
| What did Henry II create? | The royal court of justice and jury system in England |
| What was the importance of the Magna Carta? | The Magna Carta was a document that gave the lords in England their rights back and put limits to the king's power (the document guaranteed basic legal rights) |
| Who was Hugh Capet and what did he do? | He was the duke who began a dynasty of French kings that ruled France (Capetian Dynasty) |
| What did Philip II achieve during his reign? LESSON 4 | By the end of Philip’s reign, he had tripled the lands under his direct control. For the first time, a French king had become more powerful than any of his vassals. He also established royal officials called bailiffs. |
| What was the Great Schism and what impact did it have on the Roman Catholic Church? | The division over the leadership of the Church which was based on who should be the true Pope; people lost trust and confidence in the the Church and their ability to lead them |
| What was the Bubonic Plague or Black Death? | An epidemic/deadly disease that struck parts of Asia, North America, and Europe that killed approximately one-third of the European population in the 1300's |
| Why were the results of the Bubonic Plague so impactful? | The economic and social effects of the plague were enormous in that it helped to disrupt and cause the downfall of the feudal/manorial system |
| What was the Hundred Years' War? | A war fought between England and France that brought an end to chivalry |
| What were the main results of the Hundred Years' War? | Power shifted from the lords to the king, nationalism developed in both England and France, France maintained its independence |
| Which developments contributed the most to the end of the Middle Ages? LESSON 5 | The Crusades, the Bubonic Plague, the Hundred Years' War, and the Great Schism |
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25klangone
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