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Module 10
Module 10 Lesson 3, 4, and 5
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What was the reason for a loss of common knowledge? | As German speaking people mixed with the Roman population, Latin changed. Latin was still an official language but it was no longer understood. |
| What are the reasons for the decline of learning? | Germanic tribes that attacked Rome could not read or write Greek/Latin and had no use for the culture or knowledge. They passed on knowledge verbally and din't have written records. Only priests and other church officials were literate. |
| The gradual decline of the Roman Empire led to an era of European history called...? | The Middle Ages/medieval period |
| The Middle Ages had its foundation/roots in...? | The classical heritage of Greece and Rome, the beliefs of the Christianity, and the customs of various Germanic tribes (lasted 500-1500 AD) |
| How did Christianity spread? | Politics played a key role in spreading Christianity. Missionaries also spread Christianity. In southern Europe, the fear of coastal attacks by Muslims also caused many people to become Christians in the 600s. |
| How did the Concept of Government Change | Loyalty to a government, a leader, and written disappeared. Family ties and personal loyalty favored over state loyalty. The Germanic stress on personal ties made it impossible to establish orderly government for large territories. |
| Who were the Franks? | A germanic people who settled in the Roman province of Gaul and established a great empire during the Middle Ages. |
| What happened when Germanic tribes began to emerge? | The Church provided order and security and became the most dominant institution during the Middle Ages. Christianity united the germanic tribes. |
| What was the importance of Monasteries and Convents? | Served as centers of education. Monasteries became Europe’s best-educated communities.Monks opened schools, maintained libraries, and copied books. |
| What did Charlemagne do? | Fought Muslims in Spain and tribes from other Germanic kingdoms, conquered new lands to both the south and the east, spread Christianity, reunited western Europe, became the most powerful king in western Europe, and was crowned emperor. |
| What happened after Charlemagne died? | Charlemagne died in 814 AD and crowned his only surviving son, Louis the Pious, as emperor. His three sons fought for control of the Empire. In 843 AD, the brothers signed the Treaty of Verdun, dividing the empire into three kingdoms. |
| What were Charlemagne's greatest achievements? | Charlemagne strengthened his royal power by limiting the authority of the nobles and encouraged learning |
| From about 800 to 1000, invasions destroyed the Carolingian Empire because...? | Muslim invaders from the south seized Sicily and raided Italy, In 846, they sacked Rome, Magyar invaders struck from the east, the Huns and Avars, terrorized Germany and Italy, theVikings came from the North. |
| What were the Vikings? | Vikings were not only warriors but also traders, farmers, and explorers. They ventured far beyond western Europe. Vikings journeyed down rivers into the heart of Russia, Constantinople, and the North Atlantic. |
| Who were the Vikings? | Vikings, also called Northmen or Norsemen, were a Germanic people. In the culture of northern European peoples, they worshiped warlike gods and took pride in gory names. |
| What did the Maygars and Muslims do? | The Magyars attacked isolated villages, monasteries, overran northern Italy, and reached very far west. The Muslims struck from the south and were expert seafarers, and were able to attack settlements on the Atlantic and Mediterranean coasts. |
| What is Feudalism? | A system was based on rights and obligations. In exchange for military protection and other services, a lord, or landowner, granted land called a fief. Feudalism depended on the control of land . King> vassals>knights>fiefs>peasants |
| What was the social class in a feudal system? | Majority of people were peasants and most peasants were serfs. Serfs could not lawfully leave the place where they were born and were bound to the land but weren't slaves. They couldn't be sold or bought but what their labor produced belonged to the lord. |
| What are manors? | The manor was the lord’s estate. The manor system was the basic economic arrangement that was a set of rights and obligations between a lord and his serfs. The lord provided the serfs with life necessities and in return, serfs maintained the estate. |
| Why didn't the serfs not have reason to leave the manor? | The manor was a self-sufficient community based on thoughtful land use. The serfs and peasants raised or produced nearly everything that they and the lord needed for daily life. The serfs had everything the needed so they had no reason to leave. |
| What new inventions were made that caused a scientific revolution? | People invented new tools for farmers. During this time, the metal horseshoe was invented. A new type of horse harness was also used that was better than what the Romans had. The pitchfork was used for the first time to turn over plowed earth. |
| What did serfs have to pay for to live on the land? | Paid a tax on all grain ground in the lord’s mill, tax on marriage (Weddings needed the lord’s consent), and they owed the village priest a tithe, or church tax. A tithe represented one-tenth of their income. |
| What did serfs believe in? | Serfs accepted their lot in life as part of the Church’s teachings. They, like most Christians during medieval times, believed that God determined a person’s place in society. |
| What was the role of knights in medieval society? | Knights were the most important warriors during the time period. The knights could use their wealth from this land to pay for weapons, armor, and horses. Overall, knights devoted much of their time to improving their fighting skills. |
| How did you become a knight? | (Page) 7 year old boy was sent off to the castle of another lord. Would learn his manners and practice fighting skills. (Squire)14 year old boy would become a servant of a knight.(Knight) 21 year old man after training for 14 years could become a knight |
| What is Chivalry? | a code of conduct for Knights. They had to live their lives with the following values; bravery, honesty, respect, loyalty, and compassion. Knights were asked to protect the weak and poor. They were also expected to be courteous towards women. |
| Who did knights fight for? | Knights were to fight bravely for three masters; their lord, their God, and their chosen lady. |
| What were Troubadours? | Poet-musicians at the castles and courts of Europe. They wrote and sang about the joys and sorrows of romantic love. |
| How was Chivalry depicted in literature? | Literature about knights didn’t reflect reality. Many stories glorified the life of a knight and life in a castle. Songs and poems were often written about a knight’s loyalty to the woman that he loved. Epics were long poems. |
| What was a women’s role in Feudal Society? | Had very little power, taught they were inferior to men in the Church, played important roles in the lives of both noble and peasant families. |
| What was Noblewomen's responsibilities? | Could sometimes rule the land when their husbands were away from home, could not inherit land, limited to activities in the home or in convents. |
| What was a peasant women's responsibility | Were in the majority during the Middle Ages, held no power, worked in the fields, took care of their families, struggled to survive and lived difficult lives |
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25sciocco
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