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Unit 04 Vocab Summer

Definitions for Topics 4.1-4.10

TermDefinition
autonomous region an area of a country that has a degree of autonomy, or has freedom from an external authority
state An area organized into a political unit and ruled by an established government with control over its internal and foreign affairs. A country
multi-national state State that contains two or more ethnic groups with traditions of self-determination that agree to coexist peacefully by recognizing each other as distinct nationalities.
sovereignty Ability of a state to govern its territory free from control of its internal affairs by other states.
devolution The process whereby regions within a state demand and gain political strength and growing autonomy at the expense of the central government.
political boundaries lines that define the border of a country or state
territoriality the defense of a bounded physical space against encroachment by other individuals
shatterbelt an area of instability between regions with opposing political and cultural values
chokepoint a strategic, narrow waterway between two larger bodies of water
relic boundary a former boundary line that is still discernible and marked by some cultural landscape features
International boundary delineates the space between sovereign space
Demarcated boundary a boundary identified by physical objects placed on the landscape; can be a sign, fence, wall, etc.
Militarized boundary a boundary that is heavily guarded and discourages crossing and movement
UN Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS) Governs how waters will be divided; includes Territorial Seas, Contiguous Zones, Exclusive Economic Zones, and High Seas
Redistricting redrawing of district boudnaries so that each district contains roughly the same number of people; based on the Census
Federal state authority shared between the central government and provincial, state, and local governments; multiple levels of power
Unitary state authority held primarily by central government with very little power given to local governments
Ethnic cleansing forced removal of ethnic, religious, racial, or cultural groups from an area, usually in an effort to make that area more ethnically homogenous
Terrorism organized violence aimed at government and civilian targets that is intended to create fear in the furtherance of political aims
North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) organization created as a defensive alliance to help the United States in the Cold War; includes states such as United States, Canada, Iceland, Western and Central European states, Turkey
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